Prof John Bertram - Researcher Profile

Professor John Bertram

Address

Dept of Anatomy & Developmental Biology
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Clayton

Biography

Meet Count Bertram, a nobleman among kidney researchers

Once dubbed 'the Count' because he loves counting, what Professor John Bertram and his team count has made Monash a world leader in kidney research. They tally tiny kidney parts, whose number, fixed before birth, can influence our chances of getting kidney and other chronic diseases as adults.

John began counting nephrons and glomeruli about 20 years ago, when few others were, even though the numbers of these basic kidney-filtering units had been identified as likely indicators of high blood pressure, kidney damage and other chronic diseases as we mature.

His trailblazing work, in conjunction with Australian and overseas researchers, has made Monash the world leader in quantitative kidney pathology – the careful measurement of kidneys and their essential components.

"We've analysed 10 times more human kidney samples than any other group in the world," he says. "We've analysed more than 400 kidneys collected from Australia and around the world and sent to Monash for analysis."

Glomeruli are tiny spherical filtration units in the kidney that filter the blood. They're part of larger structures called nephrons. Together, glomeruli and nephrons help regulate the balance of salts and water and acids and bases, such as urine and blood, in our bodies. They also make vital hormones.

John and his team's painstaking, gold-standard counting methods have confirmed that the traditional estimate of an average one million glomeruli per human kidney was about right but masked a huge variation among people, who could have as few as 200,000 or two million or more.

The variation is significant because a low glomerular count is seen as a major risk factor for high blood pressure, which can lead to stroke, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and other serious health issues.  Just as significantly, our count is fixed for life in our first 36 weeks in the womb.

"If you're born with a low number, that's it," John says. "It's believed that no more are made after a term birth."

Armed with this knowledge, John has tried to work out why some people are born with less glomeruli than others and if we can improve the chances of having a high count at birth.

His work has the potential to save millions of dollars now spent on managing the explosion of high blood pressure and related diseases in adults, especially kidney disease, which has reached epidemic proportions in many groups around the world, including Australia's aboriginal community.

Over the past decade, John's team and national and international collaborators have analysed almost 1000 kidney tissue samples, collected through biopsies, from Aborigines and whites in neighbouring communities in northern Australia.

The Indigenous sample had 20 per cent fewer glomeruli and much more kidney disease.

His team has also examined kidney tissues from white and black Americans in Mississippi and Africans in Dakar, Senegal, from where many black Mississippians' ancestors came as slaves.

The results of all these studies suggest that environmental as well as genetic factors can influence glomerular numbers as the kidney develops in the womb. 

John's research was the first to show that low birth weight and overuse of alcohol, and even antibiotics, can lead to a low glomerular count at birth. 

With the help of a National Health and Medical Research Council grant, his group is now applying their counting skills to podocytes – tiny octopus-shaped cells that form part of the critically important glomerular filtration barrier.

For decades, podocytes were considered incapable of dividing and, therefore, being replaced if injured.  But glomerular stem cells have recently been identified that seem capable of replacing podocytes.

Knowing the numbers of podocytes and stem cells, and how known kidney-disease risk factors alter their number, will provide new insights into the causes and possible treatments of many debilitating conditions, John says.

John is bursting to start using Monash's new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) unit, due to operate from February 2012, which will give him a full three-dimensional view of a kidney, the progress of disease and the response to new treatments in the same subject over time.

"I want to be in there on day one, and start doing what we've been doing – the world standard, for which we're internationally known – five times faster," he says. "We'll be able to do bigger, smarter and more experiments, which have never been done before because of the time and cost."

Keywords

kidney disease, obesity, podocyte, stereology, glomerulus,

Qualifications

UNIT OF HUMAN MORPHOLOGY
Institution: Flinders University of South Australia
Year awarded: 1982
B.SC. HONOURS
Institution: University of Western Australia
Year awarded: 1977

Publications

Books

Moritz, K.M., Wintour-Coghlan, M.E., Black, M.J., Bertram, J.F., Caruana, G., 2008, Factors influencing mammalian kidney development - implications for health in adult life, Springer, USA.

Book Chapters

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Armitage, J.A., Nyengaard, J.R., Bertram, J.F., 2012, Estimating nephron number in the developing kidney using the physical disector/fractionator combination, in Methods in Molecular Biology - Kidney Development, eds O Michos, Humana Press, USA, pp. 109-119.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2012, Estimating total nephron number in the adult kidney using the physical disector/fractionator combination, in Methods in Molecular Biology - Kidney Development, eds O Michos, Humana Press, USA, pp. 333-350.

Hoy, W.E., Kondalsamy, S., McDonald, S., Cass, A., Singh, G.R., Bertram, J.F., Hughson, M.D., 2005, Chronic kidney disease in Aboriginal Australians, in Kidney Diseases in the Developing World and Ethnic Minorities, eds Meguid El Nahas, Taylor & Francis, New York USA, pp. 305-333.

Hoy, W.E., McDonald, S., Cass, A., Singh, G., Baker, P., You, J., White, A., Coles, K., Bertram, J.F., Hughson, M.D., Douglas-Denton, R., Farris, A., Wang, Z., 2002, A broader view of renal disease: Findings in Aboriginal Australia, in Recent Advances In Micribiology, Vol 9,2002, eds Valerie Asche, The Australian Society for Microbiology Inc, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 75-96.

Harper, I.S., Cullen, L.A., Bertram, J.F., 2001, Quantitative studies of branching morphogenesis in the developing kidney, in Branching in Nature - Dynamics and Morphogenesis of Branching Structures from Cell to River Networks, eds V Fleury, J-F Gouyet, M Leonetti, EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, pp. 243-248.

Nurcombe, V., Wreford, N.G., Bertram, J.F., 2001, Stereological estimation of neuronal number: the optical disector/Cavalieri combination, in Neurotrophin Protocols, eds Robert A Rush, Humana Press, New Jersey USA, pp. 251-268.

Bertram, J.F., 2000, Structure of the renal circulation, in Advances in organ biology, JAI Press Inc, Connecticut USA, pp. 251-268.

Journal Articles

Caruana, G., Farlie, P.G., Hart, A.H., Bagheri-Fam, S., Wallace, M.J., Dobbie, M.S., Gordon, C.T., Miller, K.A., Whittle, B., Abud, H.E., Arkell, R.M., Cole, T.J., Harley, V.R., Smyth, I.M., Bertram, J.F., 2013, Genome-Wide ENU Mutagenesis in Combination with High Density SNP Analysis and Exome Sequencing Provides Rapid Identification of Novel Mouse Models of Developmental Disease, PLoS ONE [P], vol 8, issue 3, Public Library of Science, USA, pp. 1-13.

Sun, Y.Y., Qu, X., Zhang, X., Caruana, G., Bertram, J.F., Li, J., 2013, Glomerular endothelial cell injury and damage precedes that of podocytes in adriamycin-induced nephropathy, PLoS ONE [P], vol 8, issue 1, Public Library of Science, USA, pp. 1-12.

Probyn, M.E., Zanini, S., Ward, L.C., Bertram, J.F., Moritz, K.M., 2012, A rodent model of low- to moderate-dose ethanol consumption during pregnancy: patterns of ethanol consumption and effects on fetal and offspring growth, Reproduction, Fertility and Development [P], vol 24, issue 6, C S I R O Publishing, Australia, pp. 859-870.

Kenna, K.R., Sozo, F., De Matteo, R.M., Hanita, T., Gray, S.P., Tare, M., Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Black, M.J., Brien, J.F., Parkington, H.C., Walker, D.W., Harding, R., 2012, Alcohol exposure during late gestation: multiple developmental outcomes in sheep, Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease [P], vol 3, issue 4, Cambridge University Press, UK, pp. 224-236.

Gardiner, B.S., Thompson, S.L., Ngo, J.P., Smith, D.W., Abdelkader, A., Broughton, B.R., Bertram, J.F., Evans, R.G., 2012, Diffusive oxygen shunting between vessels in the preglomerular renal vasculature: anatomic observations and computational modeling, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 303, issue 5, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F605-F618.

Walker, K.A., Cai, X., Caruana, G., Thomas, M.C., Bertram, J.F., Kett, M.M., 2012, High nephron endowment protects against salt-induced hypertension, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Physiology [E], vol 303, issue 2, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F253-F258.

Gray, S., Cullen-McEwen, L., Bertram, J., Moritz, K., 2012, Mechanism of alcohol-induced impairment in renal development: Could it be reduced by retinoic acid?, Clinical And Experimental Pharmacology And Physiology [P], vol 39, issue 9, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 807-813.

Hoy, W.E., Samuel, T., Mott, S.A., Kincaid-Smith, P.S., Fogo, A.B., Dowling, J.P., Hughson, M.D., Sinniah, R., Pugsley, D.J., Kirubakaran, M.G., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2012, Renal biopsy findings among Indigenous Australians: a nationwide review, Kidney International [P], vol 82, issue 12, Nature Publishing Group, UK, pp. 1321-1331.

Singh, R.R., Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Denton, K.M., 2012, Renal responses to furosemide are significantly attenuated in male sheep at 6 months of age following fetal uninephrectomy, American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology [E], vol 302, issue 7, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. R868-R875.

Chandrasekaran, K., Karolina, D.S., Sepramaniam, S., Armugam, A., Wintour, E.M., Bertram, J.F., Jeyaseelan, K., 2012, Role of microRNAs in kidney homeostasis and disease, Kidney International [P], vol 81, issue 7, Nature Publishing Group, UK, pp. 617-627.

Verghese, E., Johnson, C.J., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., Deane, J.A., 2012, The fate of bone marrow-derived cells carrying a polycystic kidney disease mutation in the genetically normal kidney, BMC Nephrology [P], vol 13, issue 1 (Art. No.: 91), BioMed Central Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1-11.

Henry, S.L., Bensley, J.G., Wood-Bradley, R.J., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Bertram, J.F., Armitage, J.A., 2012, White adipocytes: More than just fat depots, International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology [P], vol 44, issue 3, Pergamon, UK, pp. 435-440.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Armitage, J.A., Nyengaard, J.R., Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., 2011, A design-based method for estimating glomerular number in the developing kidney, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 300, issue 6, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F1448-F1453.

Sutherland, M., Gubhaju, L., Moore, L., Kent, A., Dahlstrom, J., Horne, R., Hoy, W., Bertram, J., Black, M., 2011, Accelerated maturation and abnormal morphology in the preterm neonatal kidney, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 22, issue 7, American Society of Nephrology, USA, pp. 1365-1374.

Walker, K., Sims-Lucas, S., Caruana, G., Cullen-McEwen, L., Li, J., Sarraj, M., Bertram, J., Stenvers, K., 2011, Betaglycan is required for the establishment of nephron endowment in the mouse, PLoS ONE [P], vol 6, issue 4 (Art. No: e18723), Public Library of Science, USA, pp. 1-10.

Hoy, W., Hughson, M., Diouf, B., Zimanyi, M., Samuel, T., McNamara, B., Douglas-Denton, R., Holden, L., Mott, S., Bertram, J., 2011, Distribution of volumes of individual glomeruli in kidneys at autopsy: Association with physical and clinical characteristics and with ethnic group, American Journal Of Nephrology [P], vol 33, issue Suppl 1, Karger, Swizterland, pp. 15-20.

Puelles, V.G., Zimanyi, M.A., Samuel, T., Hughson, M., Douglas-Denton, R., Bertram, J.F., Armitage, J.A., 2011, Estimating individual glomerular volume in the human kidney: clinical perspectives, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [P], vol E, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 1-9.

Sorocos, K., Kostoulias, X., Cullen-McEwen, L., Hart, A., Bertram, J., Caruana, G., 2011, Expression patterns and roles of periostin during kidney and ureter development, Journal Of Urology [P], vol 186, issue 4, Elsevier Science Inc., USA, pp. 1537-1544.

Singh, R., Moritz, K., Wintour-Coghlan, M., Jefferies, A., Iqbal, J., Bertram, J., Denton, K., 2011, Fetal uninephrectomy in male sheep alters the systemic and renal responses to angiotensin II infusion and AT1R blockade, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 301, issue 2, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F319-F326.

Puelles (Rodriguez), V., Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Diouf, B., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2011, Glomerular number and size variability and risk for kidney disease, Current Opinion In Nephrology And Hypertension [P], vol 20, issue 1, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd, UK, pp. 7-15.

Bertram, J., Douglas-Denton, R., Diouf, B., Hughson, M., Hoy, W., 2011, Human nephron number: Implications for health and disease, Pediatric Nephrology [P], vol 26, issue 9, Springer, USA, pp. 1529-1533.

Scruggs, B.S., Zuo, Y., Donnert, E., Ma, L., Bertram, J.F., Fogo, A., 2011, Increased capillary branching contributes to angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker (ARB)-induced regression of sclerosis, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 178, issue 4, American Society for Investigative Pathology, USA, pp. 1891-1898.

Walker, K., Bertram, J., 2011, Kidney Development: Core Curriculum 2011, American Journal Of Kidney Diseases [P], vol 57, issue 6, WB Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, USA, pp. 948-958.

Beeman, S.C., Zhang, M., Gubhaju, L., Wu, T., Bertram, J.F., Frakes, D.H., Cherry, B.R., Bennett, K.M., 2011, Measuring glomerular number and size in perfused kidneys using MRI, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 300, issue 6, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F1454-F1457.

Moritz, K., De Matteo, R., Dodic, M., Jeffries, A., Arena, D., Wintour-Coghlan, M., Probyn, M., Bertram, J., Singh, R., Zanini, S., Evans, R., 2011, Prenatal glucocorticoid exposure in the sheep alters renal development in utero: Implications for adult renal function and blood pressure control, American Journal Of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative And Comparative Physiology [P], vol 301, issue 2, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. R500-R509.

Heilmann, M., Neudecker, S., Wolf, I., Gubhaju, L., Sticht, C., Schock-Kusch, D., Kriz, W., Bertram, J., Schad, L., Gretz, N., 2011, Quantification of glomerular number and size distribution in normal rat kidneys using magnetic resonance imaging, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [P], vol E, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 1-7.

Singh, R., Denton, K., Bertram, J., Dowling, J., Moritz, K., 2011, Urine-concentrating defects exacerbate with age in male offspring with a low-nephron endowment, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 301, issue 6, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F1168-F1176.

McNamara, B.J., Diouf, B., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hughson, M.D., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2010, A comparison of nephron number, glomerular volume and kidney weight in Senegalese Africans and African Americans, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [P], vol 25, issue 5, Oxford University Press, UK, Belgium, pp. 1514-1520.

Li, J., Qu, X., Yao, J., Caruana, G., Ricardo, S.D., Yamamoto, Y., Yamamoto, H., Bertram, J.F., 2010, Blockade of endothelial-mesenchymal transition by a Smad3 inhibitor delays the early development of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy, Diabetes [P], vol 59, issue 10, American Diabetes Association, USA, pp. 2612-2624.

Hoy, W.E., Kincaid-Smith, P., Hughson, M.D., Fogo, A., Sinniah, R., Dowling, J., Samuel, T., Mott, S.A., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2010, CKD in Aboriginal Australians, American Journal Of Kidney Diseases [P], vol 56, issue 5, WB Saunders Co., USA, pp. 983-993.

Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Zimanyi, M.A., Samuel, T., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Holden, L., Mott, S.A., Bertram, J.F., 2010, Distribution of volumes of individual glomeruli in kidneys at autopsy: association with age, nephron number, birth weight and body mass index., Clinical Nephrology [P], vol 74 Suppl 1, issue S1, Dustri-Verlag Dr. Karl Feistle, Germany, pp. 105-112.

Gray, S.P., Denton, K.M., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Bertram, J.F., Moritz, K.M., 2010, Prenatal exposure to alcohol reduces nephron number and raises blood pressure in progeny, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 21, issue 11, American Society of Nephrology, USA, pp. 1891-1902.

Sims-Lucus, S., Young, R.J., Martinez, G., Taylor, D., Grimmond, S.M., Teasdale, R.D., Little, M.H., Bertram, J.F., Caruana, G., 2010, Redirection of renal mesenchyme to stromal and chondrocytic fates in the presence of TGF-beta2, Differentiation [P], vol 79, issue 4-5, Elsevier Ltd, UK, USA, pp. 272-284.

Singh, R.R., Denton, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Jefferies, A.J., Moritz, K.M., 2010, Reduced nephron endowment due to fetal uninephrectomy impairs renal sodium handling in male sheep, Clinical Science [P], vol 118, issue 11/12, Portland Press Ltd, UK, pp. 669-680.

David, F.S., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Wu, X.S., Zins, S.R., Lin, J., Bertram, J.F., Neel, B.G., 2010, Regulation of kidney development by Shp2: An unbiased stereological analysis, Anatomical Record-Advances In Integrative Anatomy And Evolutionary Biology [P], vol 293, issue 12, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, pp. 2147-2153.

Li, J., Qu, X., Ricardo, S.D., Bertram, J.F., Nikolic-Paterson, D.J., 2010, Resveratrol inhibits renal fibrosis in the obstructed kidney: Potential role in deacetylation of Smad3, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 177, issue 3, American Society for Investigative Pathology, USA, pp. 1065-1071.

Li, J., Bertram, J.F., 2010, Review: Endothelial-myofibroblast transition, a new player in diabetic renal fibrosis, Nephrology [P], vol 15, issue 5, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 507-512.

Karolina, D.S., Wintour-Coghlan, M.E., Bertram, J.F., Jeyaseelan, K., 2010, Riboregulators in kidney development and function, Biochimie [P], vol 92, issue 3, Elsevier Masson, France, pp. 217-225.

Lin, S.A., Kolle, G., Grimmond, S.M., Zhou, Q., Doust, E., Little, M.H., Aronow, B., Ricardo, S.D., Pera, M.F., Bertram, J.F., Laslett, A.L., 2010, Subfractionation of differentiating human embryonic stem cell populations allows the isolation of a mesodermal population enriched for intermediate mesoderm and putative renal progenitors, Stem Cells and Development [P], vol 19, issue 10, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers, USA, pp. 1637-1648.

Hoy, W.E., Ingelfinger, J.R., Hallan, S., Hughson, M.D., Mott, S.A., Bertram, J.F., 2010, The early development of the kidney and implications for future health (Review), Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease [P], vol 1, issue 4, Cambridge University Press, UK, pp. 216-233.

Hughson, M.D., Hoy, W.E., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Zimanyi, M.A., Bertram, J.F., 2010, Towards a definition of glomerulomegaly: Clinicalpathological and methodological considerations, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [P], vol 26, Oxford University Press, UK, Belgium, pp. 2202-2208.

McNamara, B.J., Diouf, B., Hughson, M.D., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Associations between age, body size and nephron number with individual glomerular volumes in urban West African males, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation (NDT Plus), vol 24, issue 5, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, pp. 1500-1506.

Sims-Lucas, S., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Eswarakumar, V.P., Hains, D., Kish, K., Becknell, B., Zhang, J., Bertram, J.F., Wang, F., Bates, C.M., 2009, Deletion of Frs2alpha from the ureteric epithelium causes renal hypoplasia, American Journal Of Physiology-Renal Physiology [P], vol 297, issue 5, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F1208-F1219.

Singh, R.R., Denton, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Jefferies, A.J., Head, G.A., Lombardo, P., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Moritz, K.M., 2009, Development of cardiovascular disease due to renal insufficiency in male sheep following fetal unilateral nephrectomy, Journal of Hypertension, vol 27, issue 2, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd, UK, USA, pp. 386-396.

Li, J., Qu, X., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Endothelial-myofibroblast transition contributes to the early development of diabetic renal interstitial fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 175, issue 4, American Society for Investigative Pathology, USA, pp. 1380-1388.

Shweta, A., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Kett, M.M., Evans, R.G., Denton, K.M., Fitzgerald, S.M., Anderson, W.P., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Glomerular surface area is normalized in mice born with a nephron deficit: no role for AT1 receptors, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology [P], vol 296, issue 3, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F583-F589.

Kent, A.L., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Shadbolt, B., Dahlstrom, J.E., Maxwell, L.E., Koina, M.E., Falk, M.C., Willenborg, D., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Indomethacin, ibuprofen and gentamicin administered during late stages of glomerulogenesis do not reduce glomerular number at 14 days of age in the neonatal rat, Pediatric Nephrology, vol 24, issue 6, Springer, Germany, pp. 1143-1149.

Gubhaju, L., Sutherland, M., Yoder, B.A., Zulli, A., Bertram, J.F., Black, M.J., 2009, Is nephrogenesis affected by preterm birth? Studies in a non-human primate model, American Journal Of Physiology-Renal Physiology [P], vol 297, issue 6, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F1668-F1677.

Little, M.H., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Is there such a thing as a renal stem cell?, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 20, issue 10, American Society of Nephrology, USA, pp. 2112-2117.

Zimanyi, M.A., Hoy, W.E., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hughson, M.D., Holden, L.M., Bertram, J.F., 2009, Nephron number and individual glomerular volumes in male Caucasian and African American subjects, Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, vol 24, issue 8, Oxford University Press, UK, Belgium, pp. 2428-2433.

Walker, K.A., Caruana, G., Bertram, J.F., McInnes, K.J., 2009, Sexual dimorphism in mouse metanephroi exposed to 17beta-estradiol in vitro, Nephron Experimental Nephrology, vol 111, issue 2, S. Karger AG, Switzerland, USA, Netherlands, pp. 42-50.

Elisaia, A., Barzel, B., Wood-Bradley, R., Henry, S., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Bertram, J.F., Armitage, J., 2009, The role of maternal diet in programming obesity, hypertension and metabolic disease and its relevance to the Western Pacific population, Samoa Medical Journal [P], vol 1, issue 1, Oceania University of Medicine, Samoa, pp. 8-15.

Sims-Lucas, S., Argyropoulos, C., Kish, K., McHugh, K., Bertram, J.F., Quigley, R., Bates, C.M., 2009, Three-dimensional imaging reveals ureteric and mesenchymal defects in Fgfr2-mutant kidneys, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 20, issue 12, American Society of Nephrology, USA, pp. 2525-2533.

Hoppe, C.C., Moritz, K.M., Fitzgerald, S.M., Bertram, J.F., Evans, R.G., 2009, Transient hypertension and sustained tachycardia in mice housed individually in metabolism cages, Physiological Research, vol 58, Acad Sciences Czech Republic, Czech Republic, pp. 69-75.

Zhang, Z., Quinlan, J., Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Lemire, M., Hudson, T., Hueber, P., Benjamin, A., Roy, A., Pascuet, E., Goodyer, M., Raju, C., Houghton, F., Bertram, J.F., Goodyer, P., 2008, A common RET variant Is associated with reduced newborn kidney size and function, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 19, issue 10, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 2027-2034.

Hughson, M.D., Gobe, G.C., Hoy, W.E., Manning Jr, R.D., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2008, Associations of glomerular number and birth weight with clinicopathological features of African Americans and whites, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol 52, issue 1, WB Saunders & Co., USA, pp. 18-28.

Sims-Lucas, S., Caruana, G., Dowling, J.P., Kett, M.M., Bertram, J.F., 2008, Augmented and accelerated nephrogenesis in TGF-beta2 heterozygous mutant mice, Pediatric Research, vol 63, issue 6, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 607-612.

Cain, J., Hartwig, S., Bertram, J.F., Rosenblum, N.D., 2008, Bone morphogenetic protein signaling in the developing kidney: Present and future, Differentiation, vol 76, issue 8, Elsevier Ltd., UK and USA, pp. 831-842.

Brandon, A.E., Boyce, A., Lumbers, E.R., Zimanyi, M.A., Bertram, J.F., Gibson, K.J., 2008, Glomerular hypertrophy in offspring of subtotally nephrectomized ewes, The Anatomical Record, vol 291, issue 3, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, pp. 318-324.

Abdelkader (Shweta), A., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Kett, M.M., Evans, R.G., Denton, K.M., Fitzgerald, S.M., Anderson, W.P., Bertram, J.F., 2008, Glomerular surface area is normalized in mice born with a nephron deficit: No role for AT(1) receptors, American Journal of Physiology: Renal Physiology, vol E, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. F583-F589.

Gubhaju, L., Laslett, A., Bertram, J.F., Zuli, A., Black, M.J., 2008, Immunohistochemical localisation of TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM-2 and podocalyxin in the developing baboon kidney, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, vol 129, issue 5, Springer, Germany, pp. 651-657.

Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Zimanyi, M.A., Samuel, T., Hughson, M.D., 2008, Nephron number, glomerular volume, renal disease and hypertension, Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension, vol 17, issue 3, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Ltd., UK, pp. 258-265.

Verghese, E., Weidenfeld, R., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., Deane, J.A., 2008, Renal Cilia display length alterations following tubular injury and are present early in epithelial repair, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol 23, Oxford University Press, Oxford England UK, pp. 834-841.

McNamara, B.J., Diouf, B., Hughson, M.D., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2008, Renal pathology, glomerular number and volume in a West African urban community, Nephrology, Dialysis Transplantation, vol 23, issue 8, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 2576-2585.

Gray, S.P., Kenna, K.R., Bertram, J.F., Hoy, W.E., Yan, E.B., Bocking, A.D., Brien, J.F., Walker, D.W., Harding, R., Moritz, K.M., 2008, Repeated ethanol exposure during late gestation decreases nephron endowment in fetal sheep, American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, vol 295, issue 2, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. 568-574.

Little, M.H., Brennan, J., Georgas, K., Davies, J.A., Davidson, D.R., Baldock, R.A., Beverdam, A., Bertram, J.F., Capel, B., Chiu, H.S., Clements, D., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Fleming, J.S., Gilbert, T., Houghton, D., Kaufman, M.H., Kleymenova, E., Koopman, P.A., Lewis, A.G., McMahon, A.P., Mendelsohn, C.L., Mitchell, E.K., Rumballe, B.A., Sweeney, D.E., Valerius, M.T., Yamada, G., Yang, Y., Yu, J., 2007, A high-resolution anatomical ontology of the developing murine genitourinary tract, Gene Expression Patterns, vol 7, issue 6, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 680-699.

Samuel, T., Hoy, W.E., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hughson, M.D., Bertram, J.F., 2007, Applicability of the glomerular size distribution coefficient in assessing human glomerular volume: the Weibel and Gomez method revisited, Journal of Anatomy, vol 210, issue 5, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England UK, pp. 578-582.

Hoppe, C.C., Evans, R.G., Moritz, K.M., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Fitzgerald, S.M., Dowling, J.P., Bertram, J.F., 2007, Combined prenatal and postnatal protein restriction influences adult kidney structure, function, and arterial pressure, American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, vol 292, issue 1, American Physiological Society, Bethesda USA, pp. 462-469.

Singh, R.R., Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., 2007, Effects of dexamethasone exposure on rat metanephric development: In vitro and in vivo studies, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology, vol 293, issue 2, American Physiological Society, Bethesda MD USA, pp. F548-F554.

Hoppe, C.C., Evans, R.G., Bertram, J.F., Moritz, K.M., 2007, Effects of dietary protein restriction on nephron number in the mouse, Americal Journal of Physiology-Regulatory integrative and comparative physiology, vol 292, issue 5, Americal Physiological Society, Bethesda MD USA, pp. R1768-R1774.

Hughson, M.D., Samuel, T., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2007, Glomerular volume and clinicopathologic features related to disease severity in renal biopsies of African Americans and whites in the southeastern United States, Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, vol 131, issue 11, College American Pathologists, Northfield, IL, USA, pp. 1665-1672.

Bruce, S., Rea, R.W., Steptoe, A.L., Busslinger, M., Bertram, J.F., Perkins, A.C., 2007, In vitro differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells toward a renal lineage, Differentiation, vol 75, issue 5, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England UK, pp. 337-349.

Singh, R.R., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Kett, M.M., Boon, W.M., Dowling, J.P., Bertram, J.F., Moritz, K.M., 2007, Prenatal corticosterone exposure results in altered AT1/AT2, nephron deficit and hypertension in the rat offspring, The Journal of Physiology, vol 579, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England UK, pp. 503-513.

Maduwegedera, D.W.K., Kett, M.M., Flower, R.L., Lambert, G.W., Bertram, J.F., Wintour, M.E., Denton, K.M., 2007, Sex differences in postnatal growth and renal development in offspring of rabbit mothers with chronic secondary hypertension, American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, vol 292, issue 2, American Physiological Society, Bethesda USA, pp. 706-714.

Li, J., Deane, J.A., Campanale, N.V., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., 2007, The contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the development of renal interstitial fibrosis, Stem Cells, vol 25, issue 3, Alphamed Press, Durham USA, pp. 697-706.

Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Barker and Brenner: a basis for hypertension?, Current Hypertension Reviews, vol 2, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, The Netherlands, pp. 179-185.

Li, J., Deane, J.A., Campanale, N.V., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., 2006, Blockade of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and TGF-beta1/Smad signaling pathways rescues bone marrow-derived peritubular capillary endothelial cells in adriamycin-induced nephrosis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 10, American Society Nephrology, Washington USA, pp. 2799-2811.

Mitchell, E.K., Taylor, D., Woods, K., Davis, M., Nelson, A.L., Teasdale, R., Grimmond, S.M., Little, M.H., Bertram, J.F., Caruana, G., 2006, Differential gene expression in the developing mouse ureter, Gene Expression Patterns, vol 6, issue 5, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 519-538.

Douglas-Denton, R.N., McNamara, B.J., Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Does nephron number matter in the development of kidney disease?, Ethnicity & Disease, vol 16, issue 2, International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, Atlanta USA, pp. S2-40-S2-45.

Hoy, W.E., Samuel, T., Hughson, M.D., Nicol, J.L., Bertram, J.F., 2006, How Many Glomerular Profiles Must Be Measured to Obtain Reliable Estimates of Mean Glomerular Areas in Human Renal Biopsies?, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 2, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, USA, pp. 556-563.

Hughson, M.D., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., Hoy, W.E., 2006, Hypertension, glomerular number, and birth weight in African Americans and white subjects in the southeastern United States, Kidney International, vol 69, issue 4, Nature Publishing Group, New York NY USA, pp. 671-678.

Caruana, G., Young, R.J., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Imaging the embryonic kidney, Nephron Experimental Nephrology, vol 103, issue 2, Karger, Basel Switzerland, pp. e62-e68.

Li, J., Campanale, N.V., Liang, R., Deane, J.A., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., 2006, Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and transforming growth factor-beta1/Smad signaling pathways modulates the development of fibrosis in adriamycin-induced nephropathy, The American Journal of Pathology, vol 169, issue 5, American Society for Investigative Pathology, Bethesda USA, pp. 1527-1540.

O'Connell, A.E., Boyce, A.C., Kumarasamy, V., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., Gibson, K.J., 2006, Long-term effects of a midgestational asphyxial episode in the ovine fetus, Anatomical Record Part A - Discoveries in Molecular Cellular and Evolutionary Biology, vol 288, issue 10, John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken USA, pp. 1112-1120.

Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Singh, G., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Reduced nephron number and glomerulomegaly in Australian Aborigines: a group at high risk for renal disease and hypertension, Kidney International, vol 70, issue 1, Nature Publishing Group, New York NY USA, pp. 104-110.

Caruana, G., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Nelson, A.L., Mantzioros, X.P., Woods, K., Gardiner, B., Davis, M., Taylor, D., Teasdale, R., Grimmond, S.M., Little, M.H., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Spatial gene expression in the T-stage mouse metanephros, Gene Expression Patterns, vol 6, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 807-825.

Cain, J., Bertram, J.F., 2006, Ureteric branching morphogenesis in BMP4 heterozygous mutant mice, Journal of Anatomy, vol 209, issue 6, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 745-755.

Guo, M., Ricardo, S.D., Deane, J.A., Shi, M., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Bertram, J.F., 2005, A stereological study of the renal glomerular vasculature in the db/db mouse model of diabetic nephropathy, Journal of Anatomy, vol 207, issue 6, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 813-821.

Almahbobi, G., Hedwards, S.L., Fricout, G., Jeulin, D., Bertram, J.F., Risbridger, G.P., 2005, Computer-based detection of neonatal changes to branching morphogenesis reveals different mechanisms of and predicts prostate enlargement in mice haplo-insufficient for bone morphogenetic protein 4, Journal of Pathology, vol 206, issue 1, Jon Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester England, pp. 52-61.

Samuel, T., Hoy, W.E., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hughson, M.D., Bertram, J.F., 2005, Determinants of glomerular volume in different cortical zones of the human kidney, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 3102-3109.

Cain, J.E., Nion, T., Jeulin, D., Bertram, J.F., 2005, Exogenous BMP-4 amplifies asymmetric ureteric branching in the developing mouse kidney in vitro, Kidney International, vol 67, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Inc., Malden USA, pp. 420-431.

Naim, E., Bernstein, A., Bertram, J.F., Caruana, G., 2005, Mutagenesis of the epithelial polarity gene, discs large 1, perturbs nephrogenesis in the developing mouse kidney, Kidney International, vol 68, issue 3, Nature Publishing Group, New York USA, pp. 955-965.

Hoy, W.E., Hughson, M.D., Bertram, J.F., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Amann, K., 2005, Nephron number, hypertension, renal disease, and renal failure, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 2557-2564.

Shweta, A., Denton, K.M., Kett, M.M., Bertram, J.F., Lambert, G.W., Anderson, W.P., 2005, Paradoxical structural effects in the unilaterally denervated spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney, Journal of Hypertension, vol 23, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 851-859.

Cochrane, A.L., Kett, M.M., Samuel, C.S., Campanale, N.V., Anderson, W.P., Hume, D.A., Little, M.H., Bertram, J.F., Ricardo, S.D., 2005, Renal structural and functional repair in a mouse model of reversal of ureteral obstruction, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 3623-3630.

Challen, G.A., Gardiner, B., Caruana, G., Kostoulias, X., Martinez, G., Crowe, M., Taylor, D., Bertram, J.F., Little, M.H., Grimmond, S.M., 2005, Temporal and spatial transcriptional programs in murine kidney development, Physiological Genomics, vol 23, issue 9, American Physiological Society, USA, pp. 159-171.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Caruana, G., Bertram, J.F., 2005, The where, what and why of the developing renal stroma, Nephron Experimental Nephrology, vol 99, issue 1, S Karger AG, Switzerland, pp. e1-e8.

Dilley, R.J., Rizkalla B., Bertram, J.F., 2004, Cardiovascular hypertrophy in one-kidney, one-clip renal hypertension is resistant to heparin, Journal of Hypertension, vol 22, issue 4, Lippincot, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 1-8.

Bruce, K.M., Narayan, K., Kong, H.C., Larmour, I., Turner, B.J., Bertram, J.F., Cheema, S., 2004, Chemotherapy delays progression of motor neuron disease in the SOD1 G93A transgenic mouse, Chemotherapy, vol 50, issue 3, Karger, Basel Switzerland, pp. 138-142.

Zimanyi, M.A., Bertram, J.F., Black, M.J., 2004, Does a nephron deficit in rats predispose to salt-sensitive hypertension?, Kidney Blood Pressure Research, vol 27, issue 4, S Karger AG, Switzerland, pp. 239-247.

Black, M.J., Briscoe, T., Constantinou, M., Kett, M.M., Bertram, J.F., 2004, Is there an association between level of adult blood pressure and nephron number or renal filtration surface area?, Kidney International, vol 65, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Inc., Malden USA, pp. 582-588.

Kett, M.M., Bertram, J.F., 2004, Nephron endowment and blood pressure: what do we really know?, Current Hypertension Reports, vol 6, issue 2, Current Science Inc., Philadelphia USA, pp. 133-139.

Jenkins, M.S., Wong, K.C.Y., Chhit, O., Bertram, J.F., Young, R.J., Subaschandar, N., 2004, Quartz crystal microbalance-based measurements of shear-induced senescence in human embryonic kidney cells, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol 88, issue 3, Wiley Periodicals Inc, West Sussex UK, pp. 392-398.

Hoy, W.E., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hughson, M.D., Cass, A., Johnson, K., Bertram, J.F., 2003, A stereological study of glomerular number and volume: preliminary findings in a multiracial study of kidneys at autopsy, Kidney International, vol 63, issue Supp 83, Blackwell Publishing Inc., Malden USA, pp. 31-37.

Dunstan, H.J., Briscoe, T., Bertram, J.F., Johnston, C.I., Black, M.J., 2003, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in adult hypertensive rats: a stereological study of renal filtration surface area, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, vol 30, issue 1-Feb, Blackwell Publishing Asia, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 72-76.

Hughson, M.D., Farris, A., Douglas-Denton, R.N., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2003, Glomerular number and size in autopsy kidneys: the relationship to birth weight, Kidney International, vol 63, issue 6, Blackwell Publishing Inc, Malden USA, pp. 2113-2122.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Kett, M.M., Dowling, J.P., Anderson, W.P., Bertram, J.F., 2003, Nephron number, renal function, and arterial pressure in aged GDNF heterozygous mice, Hypertension, vol 41, issue 2, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 335-340.

Martinez, G., Bertram, J.F., 2003, Organisation of bone morphogenetic proteins in renal development, Nephron Experimental Nephrology, vol 93, issue 1, Karger, Basel Switzerland, pp. 18-22.

Fricout, G., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Harper, I.S., Jeulin, D., Bertram, J.F., 2002, A quantitative method for analysing 3-D branching in embryonic kidneys: development of a technique and preliminary data, Image Analysis and Stereology, vol 21, International Society for Stereology, Slovenia, pp. 37-41.

Gambino, L.S., Wreford, N.G., Bertram, J.F., Dockery, P., Lederman, F., Rogers, P.A.W., 2002, Angiogenesis occurs by vessel elongation in proliferative phase human endometrium, Human Reproduction, vol 17, issue 5, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 1199-1206.

Xu, K.F., Vlahos, R., Messina, A., Bamford, T.L., Bertram, J.F., Stewart, A.G., 2002, Antigen-induced airway inflammation in the Brown Norway rat results in airway smooth muscle hyperplasia, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol 93, issue 5, The American Physiological Society, Bethesda MD USA, pp. 1833-1840.

Martinez, G., Mishina, Y., Bertram, J.F., 2002, BMPs and BMP receptors in mouse metanephric development: in vivo and in vitro studies, International Journal of Developmental Biology, vol 46, issue 4, UBC Press, Spain, pp. 525-533.

Douglas-Denton, R., Moritz, K.M., Bertram, J.F., Wintour, E., 2002, Compensatory Renal Growth after Unilateral Nephrectomy in the Ovine Fetus, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 13, issue 2, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 406-410.

Hood, J.C., Dowling, J.P., Bertram, J.F., Young, R.J., Huxtable, C., Robinson, W., Savage, J., 2002, Correlation of histopathological features and renal impairment in autosomal dominant Aplort syndrome in Bull Terriers, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol 17, Oxford University Press, Oxford England, pp. 1897-1908.

Hughson, M.D., Johnson, K., Young, R.J., Hoy, W.E., Bertram, J.F., 2002, Glomerular Size and Glomerulosclerosis: Relationships to Disease Categories, Glomerular Solidification, and Ischemic Obsolescence, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol 39, issue 4, WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia USA, pp. 679-688.

Brown, J., Briscoe, T., Harding, R., Cock, M.L., Bertram, J.F., Black, J.M., 2002, Glomerular number and capillary dimensions in the normal lamb kidney, Image Analysis and Stereology, vol 21, International Society for Stereology, Ljubljana Slovenia, pp. 157-164.

Black, J.M., Wang, Y., Bertram, J.F., 2002, Nephron Endowment and Renal Filtration Surface Area in Young Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, vol 25, issue 1, Karger AG, Basel Switzerland, pp. 20-26.

Zimanyi, M.A., Bertram, J.F., Black, J.M., 2002, Nephron number and blood pressure in rat offspring with maternal high-protein diet, Pediatric Nephrology, vol 17, issue 12, Springer-Varlag, Fifth Avenue New York NY USA, pp. 1000-1004.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Fricout, G., Harper, I.S., Jeulin, D., Bertram, J.F., 2002, Quantitation of 3D ureteric branchin morphogenesis in cultured embryonic mouse kidney, Internation Journal of Developmental Biology, vol 46, UBC Press, Spain, pp. 1049-1055.

Bertram, J.F., 2001, Counting in the kidney, Kidney International, vol 59, issue 2, Blackwell Science Inc, Malden MA USA, pp. 792-796.

Black, J.M., Bertram, J.F., Johnston, C.I., 2001, Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on myocardial vascularization in the adolescent and adult spontaneously hypertensive rat, Journal of Hypertension, vol 19, issue 4, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 785-794.

Black, J.M., Briscoe, T.A., Dunstan, H.J., Bertram, J.F., Johnston, C.I., 2001, Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on renal filtration surface area in hypertensive rats, Kidney International, vol 60, issue 5, Blackwell Science Inc., Malden USA, pp. 1837-1843.

Martinez, G., Loveland, K.L., Clark, A.T., Dziadek, M., Bertram, J.F., 2001, Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptors in the developing mouse metanephros, Experimental Nephrology, vol 9, issue 6, Karger, Basel Switzerland, pp. 372-379.

Cancilla, B., Davies, A., Cauchi, J., Risbridger, G., Bertram, J.F., 2001, Fibroblast growth factor receptors and their ligands in the adult rat kidney, Kidney International, vol 60, issue 1, Blackwell Science Inc, Malden MA USA, pp. 147-155.

Clark, A.T., Young, R.J., Bertram, J.F., 2001, In vitro studies on the roles of transforming growth factor-b1 in rat metanephric development, Kidney International, vol 59, issue 5, Blackwell Science Inc, Malden MA USA, pp. 1641-1653.

Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Drago, J., Bertram, J.F., 2001, Nephron endowment in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) heterozygous mice, Kidney International, vol 60, issue 1, Blackwell Science Inc, Malden MA USA, pp. 31-36.

Mifsud, S., Allen, T., Bertram, J.F., Hulthen, U., Kelly, D.J., Cooper, M., Wilkinson-Berka, J.L., Gilbert, R., 2001, Podocyte foot process broadening in experimental diabetic nephropathy: amelioration with renin-angiotensin blockade, Diabetologia, vol 44, issue 7, Springer-Verlag, New York NY USA, pp. 878-882.

Kett, M.M., Bergstrom, G., Alcorn, D., Bertram, J.F., Anderson, W.P., 2001, Renal vascular resistance properties and glomerular protection in early established SHR hypertension, Journal of Hypertension, vol 19, issue 8, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 1505-1512.

Kett, M.M., Heideman, B.L., Bertram, J.F., Anderson, W.P., 2001, Renomedullary interstitial cell lipid droplet content is increased in spontaneously hypertensive rats and by low salt diet, Journal of Hypertension, vol 19, issue 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 1309-1313.

Clark, A.T., Bertram, J.F., 2000, Advances in renal development, Current Opinions in Nephrology and Hyperstension, vol 9 issue 3, Lippincott Willimas & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 247-251.

Bertram, J.F., Cahill, M., 2000, Glomerular capillary growth and cellular hyperplasia in a model of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, Image Analysis & Stereology, vol 19 issue 2, Slovenian Soc for Stereology & Quant Image Analys, Slovenia, pp. 109-112.

Young, R.J., Hoy, W.E., Kincaid-Smith, P., Seymour, A.E., Bertram, J.F., 2000, Glomerular size and glomerulosclerosis in Australian aborigines, Americal Journal of Kidney Diseases, vol 36 issue 3, WB Saunders, Philadelphia USA, pp. 481-489.

Zimanyi, M.A., Bertram, J.F., Black, J.M., 2000, Nephron number in the offspring of rats fed a low protein diet during pregnancy, Image Analysis & Stereology, vol 19 issue 3, Slovenian Soc for Stereology & Quant Image Analys, Slovenia, pp. 219-222.

Bertram, J.F., Young, R.J., Spencer, K., Gordon, I., 2000, Quantitative Analysis of the Developing Rat Kidney: Absolute and Relative Volumes and Growth Curves, The Anatomical Record, vol 258, Wiley-Liss Inc, New York NY USA, pp. 115-123.

Moravski, C.J., Kelly, D.J., Cooper, M.E., Gilbert, R., Bertram, J.F., Shahinfar, S., Skinner, S.L., Wilkinson-Berka, J.L., 2000, Retinal neovascularization is prevented by blockage of the renin-angiotensin system, Hypertension, vol 36 issue 6, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore USA, pp. 1099-1104.

Cullen, L.A., Young, R.J., Bertram, J.F., 2000, Studies on the effects of gentamicin on rat metanephric development in vitro, Nephrology, vol 5 issue feb/may 2000, Blackwell Science Asia, www.blackwell-science-asia.com/nep, pp. 115-123.

Kuruppu, D., Christophi, C., Bertram, J.F., O'Brien, P.E., 1998, Tamoxifen inhibits colorectal cancer metastases in the liver: a study in a murine model, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol 13, Blackwell Science Asia, South Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 521-527.

Conference Proceedings

Fricout, G., Jeulin, D., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Harper, I.S., Bertram, J.F., 2002, 3-D Skeletonization of uteric trees in developing Kidneys, Mathematical Morphology, 03/04/2002 - 05/04/2002, CSIRO, Collingwood Vic Australia, pp. 157-164.

Fricout, G., Cullen-McEwen, L.A., Harper, I.S., Jeulin, D., Bertram, J.F., 2001, A quantitative method for analysing 3D branching in embryonic kidneys: development of a technique and preliminary data, Proceedings of the 8th ECS and Image Analysis, 04/09/01 to 07/09/01, International Society for Stereology, Slovenia, pp. 36-41.

Bertram, J.F., Johnson, K., Hughson, M.D., Hoy, W.E., 2001, Renal glomerular number and size in Australian aborigines, African Americans and white populations from the same locations: a preliminary report, Proceedings of the 8th European Congress for Stereology and Image Analysis, 4-7 September 2001, International Society for Stereology, Slovenia, pp. 118-122.

Anderson, W.P., Kett, M.M., Alcorn, D., Bertram, J.F., 1997, Angiotensin II antagonism and pre-glomerular arterial wall dimensions in the kidney of the spontaneously hypertensive rat, Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, Broome WA, September 1996, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York NY USA, pp. 965-979.

Grants

Title:
Adult cardiovascular disease resulting from fetal unilateral nephrectomy.
Investigators:
Moritz, K, Denton, K, Wintour-Coghlan, M, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2006 - 2009). Heart Foundation.
Title:
Aperio ScanScope AT (Digital slide scanner) with operating software and web-based SpectrumTM server license for an unlimited number of digital images.
Investigators:
O'Bryan, M, Furic, L, Risbridger, G, Bertram, J, Lieschke, G, Smyth, I, Watkins, D, Cole, T, McMenamin, P, Abud, H, Loveland, K
Funding:
(2012 - 2016). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Australian Kidney Foundation Postgraduate Biomedical Research Scholarship For Stephen Bruce.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). Kidney Health Australia.
Title:
Biomapping Stage and Software for Confocal Microscopy.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Anderson, W, Nagley, P, Harper, I
Funding:
(2000 - 2000). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
(2000 - 2004). Monash University.
Title:
Defining the renal basis of the hypertension in GDNF heterozygous mice.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Evans, R, Denton, K
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). Heart Foundation of Australia.
Title:
Does Gdnf Gene Dosage in the Developing Kidney Regulate Nephron Endowment?.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(1999 - 2000). Australian Research Council (ARC).
Title:
Does Gdnf Gene Dosage in the Developing Kidney Regulate Nephron Number and Structure?.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2000 - 2000). Australian Research Council (ARC).
Title:
Exploring the physiological, morphological and molecular bases of renal developmental programming. ID: 384207.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Moritz, K, Evans, R, Grimmond, S
Funding:
(2006 - 2009). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Functional assessment of a putative metanephric stem cell population produced in the presence of growht factors X and Y.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Little, M
Funding:
(2004 - 2008). Nephrogenix Pty Ltd.
Title:
GDNF and Branching Morphogenesis in the Developing Kidney.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2001 - 2005). Australian Kidney Foundation.
Title:
Genomic Studies on Mouse Kidney Development.
Investigators:
Caruana, G, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2002 - 2006). Kidney Health Australia.
Title:
Glomerular Number and Size in Australian Aborigines and African Americans.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Hoy, W
Funding:
(1999 - 2001). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Human podocyte depletion, glomerular hypertrophy and glomerulosclerosis.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Hoy, W
Funding:
(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
IVIS200 Biophotonic Imaging Unit.
Investigators:
Price, J, Mitchell, C, Cole, T, Bertram, J, Trounson, A
Funding:
(2007 - 2011). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Identification of nephron inducing factors.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Caruana, G
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). Kidney Health Australia.
Title:
Investigating the possible role of bone marrow stem cells in the repair of polycystic kidneys.
Investigators:
Deane, J, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2005 - 2009). Kidney Health Australia.
Title:
Low Birth Weight, Nephron Deficit and Pathogenesis of Hypertension.
Investigators:
Black, M, Bertram, J
Funding:
(1999 - 2001). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Magnetic resonance imaging of renal glomeruli.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2012 - 2016). Group of Eight / DAAD Australia.
Title:
Microisolators, Laminar Flow Hoods and Microinjection Suite to Equip the Specific Pathogen Free Genetically Modified Mouse Facility At Monsh University.
Investigators:
Summers, R, Mercer, J, Perkins, A, Bertram, J, Lawrence, A
Funding:
(2000 - 2002). Wellcome Trust.
Title:
NHMRC Standard Equipment Grant - 2007.
Investigators:
Denton, K, Widdop, R, Oldfield, B, Evans, R, Parkington, H, Drummond, G, Kett, M, Black, M, Watt, M, Spencer, S, Rajapakse, N, Clarke, I, Bertram, J, Schmidt, H
Funding:
(2008 - 2012). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Nephron endowment: Are more nephrons necessarily better?.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Kett, M, Caruana, G, Armitage, J
Funding:
(2010 - 2013). Heart Foundation.
Title:
New insights into the role of renal endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of glomerular injury and renal fibrosis.
Investigators:
Li, J, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Novel methods for promoting organ development and growth.
Investigators:
Ricardo, S, Bertram, J, Wallace, E
Funding:
(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Olympus Cast-grid System - Equipment Grant 2000.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Anderson, W, Wreford, N, Cheema, S, Hooper, S, Black, M, Kett, M
Funding:
(2001 - 2001). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Optical Projection Tomography Machine (OPT).
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Smyth, I
Funding:
(2012 - 2015). Clive & Vera Ramaciotti Foundation.
Title:
Quantitive analysis of kidney structure in Australians (via University of Mississippi).
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2004 - 2008). National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA.
Title:
Reactive oxygen species and activation of protein kinase C in diabetic nephropathy.
Investigators:
Ricardo, S, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). Diabetes Australia.
Title:
Renal Regeneration Consortium.
Investigators:
Pera, M, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2005 - 2009). Nephrogenix Pty Ltd.
Title:
Renal Vascular Hypertrophy and Remodelling in Shr: Sympathetic Nervous System and Implications for Hypertension (gms Id 000415).
Investigators:
Kett, M, Anderson, W, Bertram, J
Funding:
(2000 - 2002). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Study of Indomethacin, Ibuprofen and Gentamicin on glomerular development ina neonatal animal model (SING II study).
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Kent, A
Funding:
(2008 - 2013). ACT Health (by ACT Government).
Title:
The effects of pre-term birth on the baboon and human neonatal kidney.
Investigators:
Black, M, Bertram, J, Coalson, J, Moore, L, Stahlman, M
Funding:
(2007 - 2011). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Towards renal regeneration.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2002 - 2007). National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA.
Title:
Towards renal regeneration.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA.
Title:
Towards renal regeneration: Isolation, characterization, and functional analysis of renal stem cells.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Caruana, G, Perkins, A, Pera, M, Anderson, W
Funding:
(2002 - 2006). National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA.
Title:
Towards renal regeneration: isolation, characterization and functional analysis of renal stem cells.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(2003 - 2007). Kidney Health Australia.
(2003 - 2007). Monash University.
Title:
Understanding the causes of childhood congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Caruana, G, Heloury, Y, James, P
Funding:
(2012 - 2016). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Developmental Imaging Facility.
Investigators:
Grimmond, S, Koopman, P, Perkins, A, Hume, D, Little, M, Bertram, J, Aitken, R, Cooper, H
Funding:
(2005 - 2015). Australian Research Council (ARC).
(2005 - 2015). Monash University.
(2005 - 2015). University of Newcastle.
(2005 - 2015). University of Queensland.
Title:
Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the developing kidney.
Investigators:
Bertram, J, Moritz, K
Funding:
(2010 - 2014). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Title:
Hypoxia is the common pathway to renal failure.
Investigators:
Evans, R, Bertram, J, Schlaich, M, Gardiner, B, Smith, D, Phillips, J
Funding:
(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
(2010 - 2014). Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute.
(2010 - 2014). Macquarie University.
(2010 - 2014). University of Western Australia.
Title:
Biomedical Engineering Sensing and Imaging Facility.
Investigators:
Sridhar, T, Anderson, W, Caruso, F, Hourigan, K, Bertram, J, Friend, J, Yeo, L, Evans, R, Forde, G, Parkington, H, Jagadeeshan, R, Oldfield, B, Carberry, J, Pearson, J, Sheridan, J, Thompson, M, Gross, K, Qiao, G, Wetherbee, R
Funding:
(2006 - 2010). Australian Research Council (ARC).
(2006 - 2010). Monash University.
(2006 - 2010). The University of Melbourne.
Title:
Establishment of a Multiphoton Microscope Imaging Platform for Live Cell and Tissue, and Optical Imaging.
Investigators:
Harper, I, Jans, D, Mitchell, C, Baxter, G, Nagley, P, Evans, R, Smyth, D, Bertram, J, Hickey, M, Kendall, M
Funding:
(2005 - 2009). Australian Research Council (ARC).
(2005 - 2009). Monash University.
(2005 - 2009). Victoria University (VU).
Title:
Study on Stereology of Kidneys in Aboriginal People.
Investigators:
Bertram, J
Funding:
(1998 - 2000). Janssen Cilag Pty Ltd.

Postgraduate Research Supervisions

Current Supervision

Program of Study:
(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:
Glomerular size and cellularity and the risk for chronic kidney disease..
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Kerr, P (Associate).
Program of Study:
(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:
The effects of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring kidney development and adult health.
Supervisors:
Cullen-Mcewen, L (Main), Armitage, J (Associate), Bertram, J (Associate).

Completed Supervision

Student:
Alam, A.
Program of Study:
A new mass screening approach for haemoglobin disorders.. (Masters) 2003.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main).
Student:
Bruce, S.
Program of Study:
Spontaneous and induced differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells towards renal lineages. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main).
Student:
Cain, J.
Program of Study:
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 and ureteric branching morphogenesis in the developing mouse kidney. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main).
Student:
Cochrane, A.
Program of Study:
Novel approaches for understanding renal injury, repair and regeneration. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:
Ricardo, S (Main), Bertram, J (Associate).
Student:
Cullen-Mcewen, L.
Program of Study:
GLIAL CELL LINE-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AND ITS ROLE IN BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS OF THE DEVELOPING MOUSE KIDNEY. (PHD) 2002.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main).
Student:
D'Amore, A.
Program of Study:
The effects of angiotensin II type 2 receptors on heart and kidney structure. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:
Black, M (Main), Bertram, J (Associate).
Student:
Gray, S.
Program of Study:
Prenatal alcohol exposure and the effects on the developing kidney and long-term adult health outcomes. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Moritz, K (Associate).
Student:
Hepper, C.
Program of Study:
Modulations of Cellular Antioxidant Enzymes and PKC-beta in the Development of Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy.. (Masters) 2003.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Ricardo, S (Associate).
Student:
Hoppe, C.
Program of Study:
Developmental programming through protein restriction in the mouse. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Joint-Co), Evans, R (Joint), Moritz, K (Associate).
Student:
Kostoulias, X.
Program of Study:
The identification of novel genes invloved in metanephric development through spatial expression profiling and functional studies. (PHD) 2005.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Joint-Co), Caruana, G (Joint).
Student:
Lee, G.
Program of Study:
KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT. 2005.
Supervisors:
Ricardo, S (Main), Bertram, J (Associate).
Student:
Li, J.
Program of Study:
The role of bone marrow-derived cells in the progression of renal disease. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:
Ricardo, S (Main), Bertram, J (Associate).
Student:
Lin, S.
Program of Study:
Renal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:
Laslett, A (Main), Bertram, J (Associate), Pera, M (Associate).
Student:
Mcnamara, B.
Program of Study:
Epidemiological and stereological studies of morphology and pathology in the kidneys of Sengalese Africans and African Americans. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main).
Student:
Mitchell, E.
Program of Study:
Structural and molecular studies on the development of the mouse ureter and ureteric tree. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Caruana, G (Associate).
Student:
Neaves, R.
Program of Study:
The role of mature megakaryocytes in the haematopoietic stem cell niche. (PHD) 2011.
Supervisors:
Nilsson, S (Main), Haylock, D (Associate), Bertram, J (Associate).
Student:
Sims-Lucas, S.
Program of Study:
Investigating the role of transforming growth factor-b2 in mouse metanephric development. (PHD) 2007.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Caruana, G (Associate).
Student:
Singh, R.
Program of Study:
Adult renal and cardiovascular physiology following fetal uninephrectomy in male sheep: the role of a nephron deficit in the development of adult hypertension. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Moritz, K (Associate).
Student:
Sluka, P.
Program of Study:
HORMONAL REGULATION OF CELL-CELL JUNCTIONS IN SPERMATOGENESIS. (PHD) 2005.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), O''Donnell, L (Joint), Stanton, P (Joint).
Student:
Tarulli, G.
Program of Study:
Regulation of adult sertoli cell differentiation. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Meacham, S (Associate), Stanton, P (Associate).
Student:
Walker, K.
Program of Study:
The development and function of high nephron endowment. (PHD) 2010.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Main), Caruana, G (Associate), Stenvers, K (Associate), Kett, M (Associate).
Student:
Zimanyi, M.
Program of Study:
THE EFFECTS OF MATERNAL PROTEIN RESTRICTION ON NEPHRON ENDOWMENT, BLOOD PRESSURE AND THE ETIOLOGY OF RENAL DISEASE. (PHD) 2004.
Supervisors:
Bertram, J (Joint-Co), Black, M (Joint).