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Prof Nigel Tapper - Researcher Profile

Address

School of Geography & Environmental Science
Faculty of Arts, Clayton

Profile
Summary
Qualifications
Publications
Supervisions

Biography

Arresting climate change with smarter urban design

Professor Nigel Tapper completed his PhD on urban climate, a subject matter that was distinctly unsexy at the time. Now, thirty years later and on a warmer planet, Nigel is involved in an expert panel on infrastructure and settlement of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the Cities as Water Supply Catchments program, helping to bring down the mercury in our urban areas and the planet as a whole.

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The Cities as Water Supply Catchments is a multi-disciplinary, multi-faculty program funded by the state science agenda and the federal water research initiatives, in conjunction with around 45 industry partners. The program is looking at the value of stormwater harvesting as a way of both securing water supply and adapting to climate change. In particular, it will mitigate urban warmth, which with increasing urban populations is growing at a rate on top of global warming.

“What we’ve got is a problem in that at precisely the same time that climate change appears to be really starting to impact many parts of the world we have this ‘critical nexus’ of climate change, urban warmth, people moving into cities, and greater extremes. In 2009, we had a major heat wave event that caused close to 400 deaths in Melbourne, and if we don’t adapt – physiologically or technologically – we’re going to see more.”

Nigel’s specific interest lies in capturing water from storm-water drains that in Melbourne’s case would otherwise be lost to Port Phillip Bay.

“Roughly speaking, it’s the same amount that we bring into the city as piped fresh water, so it’s a bit of a no-brainer. If there are ways that we can capture the water that is falling into the cities, and keep a large portion of that in the urban environment to provide green infrastructure, we can improve water security and improve the urban climate – all at a time when droughts and climate change are occurring.”

Nigel’s research has also been on major dust sources and their impacts in Australia.

“We’ve been sampling dust, for example off the Alpine snow-pack of New Zealand, and we’ve found viable bacteria in that dust. That dust not only increases the sunlight absorbed into the snow and increases the rate it melts, but if it’s in large enough quantities, the pathogens the dust is carrying could damage the Great Barrier Reef, and get into our water systems, and impact human health.”

Magnetic termite mounds south of Darwin in northern Australia have also provided Nigel with inspiration on smart urban designs.

“By building these blade-shaped mounds perfectly north-south, rather than east-west, [termites] can regulate their temperature much more efficiently. And by taking the soil material from the ground and consolidating it in the mounds, they’re changing the thermal characteristics of the soil, so it’s a much better insulator.”

Will we be seeing buildings shaped like termite mounds in our CBD of the future then?

“Why not,” says Nigel. “If we’ve seen something happening in nature that seems to be efficient, why not copy it?”

Qualifications

PH D: Institution: University of Canterbury; Year awarded: 1981

M A (1ST CLASS): Institution: University of Canterbury; Year awarded: 1977

ARTS: Institution: University of Canterbury; Year awarded: 1975

Publications

Books

Wong, T., Ross, A., Beringer, J., Deletic, A., Fletcher, T., Gangadharan, L., Gernjak, W., Jakob, C., O'Loan, T., Reeder, M., Tapper, N., walsh, c., 2012, Stormwater Management in a Water Sensitive City: Blueprint 2012, The Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Australia.

Wong, T., Ross, A., Beringer, J., Brown, R., Chaudhri, V., Deletic, A., Fletcher, T., Gernjak, W., Hodyl, L., Jakob, C., Reeder, M., Tapper, N., Walsh, C., 2011, Stormwater Management in a Water Sensitive City: Blueprint 2011, The Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Monash University, Australia.

Reeder, M.J., Smith, R.K., Deslandes, R., Tapper, N.J., Mills, G., 1999, Subtropical fronts observed during the 1996 Central Australian fronts experiment, Dept of Maths & Stats, Monash University, Clayton Vic Australia.

Book Chapters

Tapper, N.J., 2012, Adapting urban environments to climate change: A case study of Melbourne Australia, in Schooling for Sustainable Development: A Focus on Australia, New Zealand, and the Oceanic Region, eds Margaret Robertson, Springer, New York, USA, pp. 185-198.

D'Aprile, F., Tapper, N.J., 2012, Environmental leadership in Italy: the example of fast train line development, in Environmental Leadership: A Reference Handbook, eds Deborah Rigling Gallagher, Sage, Thousand Oaks, California, USA, pp. 644-652.

Sturman, A.P., Tapper, N.J., 2005, Climate Change Processes and the Future, in Weather and Climate of Australia and New Zealand (541pp), eds Katie Ridsdale, Oxford University Press, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 456-496.

Sturman, A.P., Tapper, N.J., 2005, Regional and Smaller Scale Climates, in Weather and Climate of Australia and New Zealand (541pp), eds Katie Ridsdale, Oxford University Press, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 343-402.

Sturman, A.P., Tapper, N.J., 2005, Weather Forecasting, in Weather and Climate of Australia and New Zealand (541pp), eds Katie Ridsdale, Oxford Unviersity Press, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 245-283.

David, B., Kershaw, A.P., Tapper, N.J., 2002, Bridging Wallace's Line: bringing home the Antipodes, in Bridging Wallace's Line: the environmental and cultural history and dynamics of the Australian-Southeast Asian region, eds Peter Kershaw, Bruno David, Nigel Tapper, Dan Penny and Jonathan Brown, Catena Verlag GMBH, Reiskirchen Germany, pp. 1-4.

Tapper, N.J., 2002, Climate, climate variability and atmospheric circulation patterns in the Maritime Continent region, in Bridging Wallace's Line: the environmental and cultural history and dynamics of the Australian-Southeast Asian region, eds Peter Kershaw, Bruno David, Nigel Tapper, Dan Penny and Jonathan Brown, Catena Verlag GMBH, Reiskirchen Germany, pp. 5-28.

Applegate, G., Smith, R., Fox, J.J., Mitchell, A., Packham, D., Tapper, N.J., Baines, G., 2002, Forest fires in Indonesia: impacts and solutions, in Which way forward? People, forests and policymaking in Indonesia, eds Carol J Pierce Colfer and Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo, Resources for the Future, Washington USA, pp. 293-308.

Tapper, N.J., Hess, D.R., 1999, Forest Fire Emisions Dispersion Modelling for Emergency Response Planning, in Health Guidelines for Vegetation Fire Events. Background Papers, Ministry of Envi, Singapore, on behalf of UNEP, Singapore, pp. 123-148.

Journal Articles

Coutts, A.M., Tapper, N.J., Beringer, J., Loughnan, M.E., Demuzere, M., 2013, Watering our cities: the capacity for water sensitive urban design to support urban cooling and improve human thermal comfort in the Australian context, Progress in Physical Geography [P], vol 37, issue 1, Sage Publications Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 2-28.

Kilinc, M., Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., Haverd, V., Tapper, N.J., 2012, An analysis of the surface energy budget above the world's tallest angiosperm forest, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology [P], vol 166-167, Elsevier BV, Netherlands, pp. 23-31.

Loughnan, M.E., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N.J., 2012, Mapping heat health risks in urban areas, International Journal of Population Research [P], vol 2012, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, New York, United States of America, pp. 1-12.

Maghrabi, A., Alharbi, B., Tapper, N., 2011, Impact of the March 2009 dust event in Saudi Arabia on aerosol optical properties, meteorological parametres, sky temperature and emissivity, Atmospheric Environment [P], vol 45, Elsevier, UK, pp. 2164-2173.

Pearce, J., Beringer, J., Nicholls, N., Hyndman, R., Uotila, J., Tapper, N., 2011, Investigating the influence of synoptic-scale meteorology on air quality using self-organizing maps and generalized additive modelling, Atmospheric Environment [P], vol 45, issue 1, Pergamon, UK, pp. 128-136.

Lim, N., Munday, C., Allison, G., O'Loingsigh, T., De Deckker, P., Tapper, N., 2011, Microbiological and meteorological analysis of two Australian dust storms in April 2009, Science of the Total Environment [P], vol 412-413, Elsevier BV, Netherlands, pp. 223-231.

Pearce, J., Beringer, J., Nicholls, N., Hyndman, R., Tapper, N., 2011, Quantifying the influence of local meteorology on air quality using generalized additive models, Atmospheric Environment [P], vol 45, issue 6, Pergamon, UK, pp. 1328-1336.

Beringer, J., Hacker, J., Hutley, L., Leuning, R., Arndt, S., Amiri, R., Bannehr, L., Cernusak, L., Grover, S., Hensley, C., Hocking, D., Isaac, P., Jamali, H., Kanniah, K., Livesley, S., Neininger, B., William, S., Paw U, K., Straten, D., Tapper, N., Weinmann, R., Wood, S., Zegelin, S., 2011, Special - Savanna patterns of energy and carbon integrated across the landscape, Bulletin Of The American Meteorological Society [P], vol 92, issue 11, American Meteorological Society, USA, pp. 1467-1485.

van der Kaars, S., Tapper, N., Cook, E.J., 2010, Observed relationships between El Nino-Southern Oscillation, rainfall variability and vegetation and fire history on Halmahera, Maluku, Indonesia, Global Change Biology [P], vol 16, issue 6, Blackwell, United Kingdom, pp. 1705-1714.

Kanniah, K.D., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., Long, C., 2010, Aerosols and their influence on radiation partitioning and savanna productivity in northern Australia, Theoretical And Applied Climatology [P], vol 100, Springer Wien, Sachsenplatz, Austria, pp. 423-438.

Coutts, A., Beringer, J., Tapper, N., 2010, Changing Urban climate and CO2 emissions: Implications for the development of policies for sustainable cities, Urban Policy and Research [P], vol 28, issue 1, January 2010, Routledge, United Kingdom, pp. 27-47.

O'Loingsigh, T., McTainsh, G., Tapper, N., Shinkfield, P., 2010, Lost in code: a critical analysis of using meteorological data for wind erosion monitoring, Aeolian Research [P], vol 2, issue 1, Elsevier Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 49-57.

Loughnan, M., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N., 2010, Mortality-temperature thresholds for ten major population centres in rural Victoria, Australia, Health and Place [P], vol 16, issue 6, Elsevier Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1287-1290.

Loughnan, M., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N., 2010, The effects of summer temperature, age and socioeconomic circumstance on acute myocardial infarction admissions in Melbourne, Australia, International Journal of Health Geographics [P], vol 9, issue 41, BioMed Central Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1-11.

Loughnan, M., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N., 2010, When the heat is on: threshold temperatures for AMI admissions to hospital in Melbourne Australia, Applied Geography [P], vol 30, issue 1, Elsevier Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 63-69.

Alexander, L.V., Tapper, N.J., Zhang, X., Fowler, H., Tebaldi, C., Lynch, A.H., 2009, Climate extremes: progress and future directions, International Journal Of Climatology [P], vol 29, issue 3, Wiley Interscience, hichester West Sussex UK, pp. 317-319.

Kanniah, K.D., Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., Tapper, N.J., Zhu, X., 2009, Evaluation of Collections 4 and 5 of the MODIS Gross Primary Productivity product and algorithm improvement at a tropical savanna site in northern Australia, Remote Sensing of Environment [P], vol 113, issue 9, Elsevier Scienc Inc, New York USA, pp. 1808-1822.

Packham, D.R., Tapper, N.J., Griepsma, D., Friedli, H., Hellings, J.L., Harris, S.L., 2009, Release of mercury in the Australian environment by burning: A preliminary investigation of biomatter and soils, Air Quality and Climate Change [P], vol 43, issue 1, Clean Air Society of Australia and New Zealand, Surrey Hills Vic Australia, pp. 24-27.

Nicholls, N., Skinner, C., Loughnan, M.E., Tapper, N.J., 2008, A simple heat alert system for Melbourne, Australia, International Journal of Biometeorolgy, vol 52, Springer, New York USA, pp. 375-384.

Loughnan, M.E., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N.J., 2008, Demographic, seasonal, and spatial differences in acute myocardial infarction admissions to hospital in Melbourne Australia, International Journal of Health Geographics, vol 7, BiMed Central Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1-15.

Tapper, N.J., D'Aprile, F., 2008, Fire Drought and Flood: Brief Reflections or some Climate Implications in Asutralia, L'Italia Forestale E Montana, vol LXIII, issue 5, Accdemia Italiana Di Science Forestali (Italian Academy of Forest Sc, Florence (Tuscany) Italy, pp. 383-393.

De Deckker, P., Abed, R.M. ., De Beer, D., Hinrichs, K., O'Loingsigh, T., Schefuss, E., Stuut, J.W., Tapper, N.J., Van Der Kaars, W.A., 2008, Geochemical and microbiological fingerprinting of airborne dust that fell in Canberra, Australia, in October 2002, Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, vol 9, issue 12, American Geophysiccal Union, Washington DC USA, pp. 1-22.

Coutts, A.M., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2008, Investigating the climatic impact of urban planning strategies through the use of regional climate modelling: A case study for Melbourne, Australia, International Journal of Climatology, vol 28, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester West Sussex England, pp. 1943-1957.

Harris, S.L., Tapper, N.J., Packham, D.R., Orlove, B., Nicholls, N., 2008, The relationship between the monsoonal summer rain and dry-season fire activity of northern Australia, International Journal of Wildland Fire, vol 17, issue 5, CSIRO, Australia, pp. 674-684.

David, B., Araho, N., Kuaso, A., Moffat, I., Tapper, N.J., 2008, The upihoi find: Wrecked wooden bevaia (Lagatoi) hulls of Epemeavo Village, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea, Australian Archaeology, vol 66, issue 1 (June), Australian Archaeological Association, Brisbane Australia, pp. 1-14.

Coutts, A.M., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2007, Characteristics influencing the variability of urban CO2 fluxes in Melbourne, Australia, Atmospheric Environment, vol 41, issue 1, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford England UK, pp. 51-62.

Coutts, A.M., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2007, Impact of increasing urban density on local climate: Spatial and temporal variations in the surface energy balance in Melbourne, Australia, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology [P], vol 46, issue 4, American Meterological Society, Boston MA USA, pp. 477-493.

Wendt, C.K., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., Wendt, L.B., 2007, Local boundary-layer development over burnt and unburnt tropical savanna: An observational study, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol 124, Springer, Dordrecht Netherlands, pp. 291-304.

Arcari, P.J., Tapper, N.J., Pfueller, S.L., 2007, Regional variability in relationships between climate and dengue/DHF in Indonesia, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, vol 28, issue 3, Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, London, pp. 251-272.

Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., Tapper, N.J., Cemusak, L., 2007, Savanna fires and their impact on net ecosystem productivity in North Australia, Global Change Biology, vol 13, issue 5, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford Oxon England UK, pp. 990-1004.

Lynch, A.H., Beringer, J., Kershaw, A.P., Marshall, A.G., Mooney, S., Tapper, N.J., Turney, C.S.M., Van Der Kaars, W.A., 2007, Using the Paleorecord to Evaluate Climate and Fire Interactions in Australia, Annual review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol 35, Annual Reviews, Palo Alto CA USA, pp. 215-239.

Oke, A.M., Tapper, N.J., Dunkerley, D.L., 2007, Willy-willies in the Australian landscape: Sediment transport characteristics, Journal of Arid Environments, vol 71, issue 2, Academic Press Ltd Elsevier Science Ltd, London England UK, pp. 216-228.

Oke, A.M., Tapper, N.J., Dunkerley, D.L., 2007, Willy-willies in the Australian landscape: The role of key meteorological variables and surface conditions in defining frequency and spatial characteristics, Jornal of Arid Environments, vol 71, issue 2, Academic Press Ltd Elservier Science Ltd, London England UK, pp. 201-215.

Cernusak, L.A., Hutley, L.B., Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2006, Stem and leaf gas exchange and their responses to fire in a north Australian tropical savanna, Plant Cell and Environment, vol 29, issue 4, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford Oxon England, pp. 632-646.

Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., Tapper, N.J., Coutts, A.M., Kerley, A.J., O'Grady, A.P., 2003, Fire impacts on surface heat, moisture and carbon fluxes from a tropical savanna in northern Australia, International Journal of Wildland Fire, vol 12, CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Vic Australia, pp. 333-340.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., Keenan, T.D., 2002, Evolution of maritime continent thunderstorms under varying meteorological conditions over The Tiwi Islands, International Journal of Climatology, vol 21, issue 8, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, West Sussex England, pp. 1021-1036.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2002, Surface energy exchanges and interactions with thunderstorms during the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX), Journal of Geophysical Research, vol 107, issue D21, American Geophysical Union, Boston USA, pp. 1-13.

De Deckker, P., Tapper, N.J., Van Der Kaars, S., 2002, The status of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and adjacent land at the Last Glacial Maximum, Global and Planetary Change, vol 35, issue 1-Feb, Elsevier, Amsterdam The Netherlands, pp. 25-35.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., McHugh, I., Chapin III, S.F., Lynch, A.H., Serreze, A.H., Slater, A., 2001, Impact of Arctic treeline on synoptic climate, Geophysical Research Letters, vol 28, issue 22, American Geophysical Union, Washington USA, pp. 4247-4250.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., McHugh, I., Chapin III, F.S., Lynch, A.H., Serreze, M.C., Slater, A., 2001, Impact of Arctic treeline on synoptic climate, Geophysical Research Letters.

Oliphant, A.J., Sturman, A.P., Tapper, N.J., 2001, The evolution and structure of a tropical island sea/land-breeze system, northern Australia, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, vol 78, issue 1-2, Springer-Verlag Wien, Vienna Austria, pp. 45-59.

Williams, A.A.J., Karoly, D.J., Tapper, N.J., 2001, The sensitivity of Australian fire danger to climate change, Climate Change, vol 49, issue 1-2, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht The Netherlands, pp. 171-191.

Maenhaut, W., Fernandez-Jiminez, M., Vanderzalm, J., Hooper, B.M., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 2000, Aerosol Composition at Jabiru, Australia, and Impact of Biomass Burning, Journal of Aerosol Science, vol 31 issue 1, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. S745-S746.

Reeder, M.J., Smith, R.K., Deslandes, R., Tapper, N.J., Mills, G., 2000, Subtropical Cold Fronts Observed during the 1996 Central Australian Fronts Experiment, Australian Meteorological Magazine, vol 49 issue 3, Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Soc., Canberra ACT Australia, pp. 181-200.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 2000, The Influence of Subtropical Cold Fronts on the Surface Energy Balance of a Semi-Arid Site, Journal of Arid Environments, vol 44 issue 4, Academic Press, San Diego USA, pp. 437-450.

Keenan, T., Rutledge, S., Carbone, R., Wilson, J., Takahashi, T., May, P., Tapper, N.J., Platt, M., Hacker, J., Sekelsky, S., Moncrieff, M.W., Saito, K., Holland, G.J., Crook, A., Cage, K., 2000, The Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX): Overview and Some Results, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol 81, American Meteorological Society, Boston USA, pp. 2433-2455.

Panther, B., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1999, A Comparison of Air Particulate Matter and Associated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Tropical and Temperate Urban Environments, Atmospheric Environment, vol -, Pergamon Press (Elsevier Science Ltd), The Hague, pp. 4087-4099.

Turton, S.M., Tapper, N.J., Soddell, J., 1999, A Proposal to Measure and Seasonal Energetics Above and Within a Lowland Tropical Rainforest Canopy in Northeastern Australia, Selbayana, vol 20 issue 20, The Marie Selby Botanic Gardens, Sarasota Florida USA, pp. 345-349.

Panther, B., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1999, A comparison of air particulate matter and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in some tropical and temperate urban environments, Atmospheric Environment, vol no 33, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 4087-4099.

Kirono, D., Tapper, N.J., McBride, J.L., 1999, Documenting Indonesian Rainfall in the 1997-98 El Nino Event, Physical Geography, vol 20 issue 5, V H Winston and Son, Columbia Maryland USA, pp. 422-435.

Kirono, D., Tapper, N.J., 1999, ENSO Rainfall Variability and Impacts on Crop Production in Indonesia, Physical Geography, vol 20 issue 6, V H Winston, Columbia Maryland USA, pp. 498-509.

Nurhayati, N., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Visibility Study in Metropolitan Jakarta, Bulletin of Meteorology and Geographics, vol 3, Meteorological and Geophysical Agency, Indonesia, Jakarta Indonesia, pp. 56-63.

Nurhyayati, Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Visibility study in metropolitan Jakarta, Bulletin of Meteorology and Geophysics, vol no. 3, Department of Communications Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta Indonesia, pp. 56-63.

Conference Proceedings

Rauch, W., Bach, P.M., Brown, R.R., Deletic, A., Ferguson, B.C., de Haan, F.J., McCarthy, D.T., Kleidorfer, M., Tapper, N.J., Sitzenfrei, R., Urich, C., 2012, Modelling transitions in urban drainage management, Proceedings of the Ninth Intertnational Conference on Urban Drainage Modelling Belgrade 2012, 4 September 2012 to 6 September 2012, Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Belgrade, Belgrade Serbia, pp. 1-2.

Pearce, J., Beringer, J., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N., 2011, Investigating the short-term effects of air pollution on daily mortality among the elderly using generalized additive distributed lag modelling, Abstracts: ISEE 22nd Annual Conference, Seoul, Korea, 28 August-1 September 2010, 28 August - 1 September, 2010, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 203-204.

Loughnan, M., Nicholls, N., Tapper, N., Chandra, S., 2010, Which postcodes are most vulnerable to hot weather in Melbourne? A spatial analysis of human vulnerability to heat events, Abstracts: ISSE 22nd Annual Conference, Seoul, Korea, 28 August-1 September 2010, 28 August to 1 September 2010, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Inc, Philadelphia, United States of America, p. 140.

D'Aprile, F., Tapper, N.J., Baker, P.J., Bartolozzi, L., 2009, Radial growth of silver fir (Abies Alba Mill) in Tuscany and climate influence: first results, III National Congress of Silviculture, 16-19 October 2008, Italian Academy of Forest Sciences, Florence (Tuscany Italy), pp. 1-7.

Loughnan, M., Tapper, N.J., Pfueller, S.L., Cameron, P., 2005, Seasonal Variation in hospital admissions for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Melbourne 1993 - 2003, Annals of Meteorologie 41, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach am Main, pp. 421-424.

Arcari, P.J., Tapper, N.J., Pfueller, S.L., 2005, The Relationships between Dengue/Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Climate in Indonesia, Annals of Meteorologie 41, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach am Main 2005, pp. 324-327.

Burns, S.L., Tapper, N.J., Packham, D.R., 2005, The spatial and temporal distribution of dry season fire on Indigenous lands of north-central Arnhem land: a feasibility study using MODIS satellite imagery, Proceedings of SSC2005 Spatial Intelligence, Innovation and Praxis: The National Biennial Conference of the Spatial Sciences Institute, 12 September 2005 to 16 September 2005, Spatial Science Institute, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 89-98.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., McHugh, I., Chapin, T.F., Lynch, A., 2002, The role of treeline in the location of the Arctic front, Proceedings of the Third Joint Conference of the New Zealand Geographical Society and the Institute of Australian Geographers, 28 January 2001 to 02 February 2001, Brebner Print, Hamilton New Zealand, pp. 133-136.

Tapper, N.J., 2000, Atmospheric Issues for Fire Management in Eastern Indonesia and Northern Australia, Fire and Sustainable Agricultural and Forestry Development in Eastern Indonesia and Northern Australia, Darwin, NT 13-15 April 1999, The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra ACT Australia, pp. 21-30.

Vanderzalm, J., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1999, Combustion-Related Carbon Black: A Comparison of Measurement Methods, International Power and Energy Conference Proceedings Volume 2, Churchill Victoria 29 November- 3 December 1999, Monash University, Clayton Vic Australia, pp. 715-720.

Vanderzalm, J., Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1999, Combustion-related carbon black: A comparison of measurement methods, Proceedings of International Power and Energy Conference, Churchill, Victoria 29/11/1999, Monash Engineering in Gippsland, Monash Print Services (Caulfield Victoria), pp. 715-720.

Turton, S.M., Soddell, J., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Diurnal and Seasonal Energetics Above and Within a Lowland Tropical Rain Forest Canopy in Northeastern Australia, Abstracts, Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Annual Conference, Sarasota Florida USA 4-8 November 1998, Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota Florida USA, p. 1.

Tapper, N.J., Hess, G.D., 1998, Forest Fire Emissions Dispersion Modeling for Emergency Response Planning: Determination of Critical Model Inputs and Processes, Health Guidelines for Forest Fire Episodic Events, Lima Peru 5-9 October 1998, World Health Organisation, Washington DC USA, pp. 1-20.

Vanderzalm, J., Hooper, M.A., Maenhaut, W., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Particulate Air Quality and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Regional Northwest Australia and Southeast Asia, Proceedings of the 14th International Clean Air & Environment Conference, Melbourne Victoria 18-22 October 1999, Clean Air Society of Australia & New Zealand, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 433-438.

Vanderzalm, J., Hooper, M.A., Maenhaut, W., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Particulate air quality and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in regional Northwest Australia and Southeast Asia, 14th International Clean Air & Environment Conference, Melbourne, Victoria/18-22 October 1998, Clean Air Society of Australia & New Zealand Inc, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 433-438.

Kirono, D., Tapper, N.J., 1998, Spatial Variations in Relationships between Enso and Indonesian Rainfall, Conference Programs, Abstracts and Background Information, Perth WA June 29-July 3 1998, Institute of Australian Geographers, Perth WA Australia, p. 1.

Tapper, N.J., Beringer, J., 1998, Surface Flux Measurements Over the Tiwi Islands during the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment, Conference Program, Abstracts and Background Information, Perth WA June 29-July 3 1998, Institute of Australian Geographers, Perth WA Australia, p. 1.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., 1998, The Energy Balance of a Tropical Forested Site on the Tiwi Islands, Northern Territory, Australia, Tiwi Islands,Northern Territory, Australia, Albuquerque USA 2-6 Nov 1998, Preprint Vol. 23rd Conf. on Agri. and Forest Met., Boston USA, pp. 34-37.

Sturman, A., Oliphant, A.J., Tapper, N.J., 1998, The Sea/Land Breeze System Over the Tiwi Island, Northern Australia, Institute of Australian Geographers, Perth WA 29 June 29-July 3 1998, Institute of Australian Geographers, Perth WA Australia, p. 1.

Kirono, D., Tapper, N.J., McBride, J.L., McBride, J.L., 1998, Variations of Some Seasonal Rainfall Parameters Across Indonesia, 1951-1997, Conference Programs, Abstracts and Background Information, Perth WA June 29-July 3 1998, Institute of Australian Geographers, Perth WA Australia, p. 1.

Hooper, M., Panther, B., Zou, L.Y., Tapper, N.J., 1997, A Comparative Study of Air Particulate Matter in Five Citiies of the Asia-Pacific Region, Five Cities of the Asia-Pacific Region, Brunei Darussalam, 10-13 April 1995, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam, pp. 1-9.

Tapper, N.J., Wain, A., Hooper, M., Vanderzalm, J., Goldammer, J.G., 1997, An Overview Of The Forthcoming South East Asia Fire Experiment (SEAFIRE), Climate and Life in the Asia-Pacific, Brunei Darussalam, 10-13 April 1995, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam, pp. 48-55.

Tapper, N.J., Wain, A., Hooper, M.A., Vanderzalm, J., Goldammer, J.G., 1997, An Overview of the Forthcoming South East Asia Fire Experiment (SEAFIRE), Climate and Life in the Asia Pacific, Brunei, 10-13 April, 1995, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam, pp. 48-55.

Tapper, N.J., Beringer, J., 1997, Measurements Of Surface Energy Fluxes Over The Tiwi Islands, Northern Territory, Australia, During The Maritime Continent Thunderstorn Experiment (MCTEX), Preprints Fifth International Conference On Southern Hemisphere Meteorology And Oceanography, Pretoria, South Africa, 7-11 April 1997, American Meteorological Society, Boston Mass, pp. 392-393.

Tapper, N.J., 1997, Overview of Australian Research and Collaborative Research Opportunities in the Indonesian Region, Proceedings International Conference on Science and Technology for the Assessment of Global Environmental Change and its Impact on the Maritime Continent of Indonesian, Jakarat, Indonesia, 10-12 Nov 1995, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Tech., Jakarta, pp. 1-3.

Beringer, J., Tapper, N.J., Keenan, T., 1997, Surface Energy Balance Measurements Over the Tiwi Islands, Northern Territory, Australia, During the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment (MCTEX), Preprints, 22nd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Fort Collins, 2-4 October 1997, American Meteorological Society, Boston Mass, pp. 374-375.

Sturman, A., Oliphant, A.J., Tapper, N.J., 1997, The Interaction Of A Tropical Sea/Land Breeze System With Thunderstorn Development, Abstracts, The International Asso. of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences and Int Asso for Physical Sciences of the Oceans Conference, Melbourne, 1-9 July 1997, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne Vic Australia, p. 2.

Nurhayati, N., Hooper, M., Tapper, N.J., 1997, Visibility Study In Metropolitan Jakarta, Climate and Life in the Asia-Pacific, Brunei Darussalam, 10-13 April 1995, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam, pp. 40-47.

Nurhyayati, Hooper, M.A., Tapper, N.J., 1997, Visibility Study in Metropolitan Jakarta, Climate and life in the Asia-Pacific, Brunei, 10-13 April 1995, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Drunei Darussalam, pp. 40-47.

Other

Walsh, C.J., Fletcher, T.D., Vietz, G., Thompson, R., Tapper, N.J., Beringer, J., Coutts, A.M., Allen, R.A., 2012, New urban storm water management approaches: Using the water generated by cities for ecosystem services, CityGreen, CUGE (Centre for Urban Greenery and Ecology), Singapore.

Tapper, N.J., 1997, "Australia", McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology Vol 2, vol 8th, McGraw-Hill, New York NY USA, pp. 325-329.

Postgraduate Research Supervisions

Current Supervision

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: (Improved) micro-climate modelling assessment of the influence of water sensitive urban design on human thermal comfort.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Beringer, J (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: A climatological study of mesoscale cyclones over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean using AVHRR satellites imagery, NCEP, ERA-40, ERS-interim analysis datasets from 30S-90S and the AMPS.
Supervisors:: Dunkerley, D (Main), Tapper, N (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: A virtual urban water system tool for exploring urban form & climate impact on the integrated water infrastructure..
Supervisors:: Deletic, A (Main), Mccarthy, D (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Climate, morbidity and energy consumption of heating and cooling: a Southeast Asia perspective.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Loughnan, M (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Detailed assessment of the effects of land-use cover changes on urban air quality in Melbourne.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Belusic, D (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Estimating the water balance of dry sclerophyll forest ecosystems within Australia.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Main), Tapper, N (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Estimation of actual evapotranspiration using remote sensing data to assess the role of vegetation and water on urban climate: A study of Melbourne city..
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Main), Coutts, A (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICAN CITIES -URBAN FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT IN ACCRA,.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Dunkerley, D (Associate), Porter, E (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Quantification of rainfall over the Indonesian maritime continent under present and future climate conditions.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Jakob, C (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: The affect of water sensitive urban design and outdoor water-use practices on urban micro-climate: a multi-scale perspective.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Joint-co), Tapper, N (Joint), Coutts, A (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Understanding frost risk in a variable and changing climate : The Southern frost paradox.
Supervisors:: Nicholls, N (Main), Tapper, N (Associate).

Completed Supervision

Student:: Alexander, L.
Program of Study:: Extreme measures: mechanisms driving changes in climate extremes in Australia. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Lynch, A (Main), Nicholls, N (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Alharbi, B.
Program of Study:: Airborne dust in Saudi Arabia: source areas, entrainment, simulation and composition. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Beringer, J (Associate).
Student:: Arcari, P.
Program of Study:: The Importance of Climate for Dengue/DHF in Indonesia. (Masters) 2005.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Pfueller, S (Associate).
Student:: Barlow, D.
Program of Study:: Seasonal trends and meteorological controls on visibility in Melbourne as determined by automated telephotometer. 2009.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main).
Student:: Coutts, A.
Program of Study:: The influence of housing density and urban design on the surface energy balance and local climates of Melbourne, Australia, and the impact of Melbourne 2030's vision. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Main), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Hallgren, W.
Program of Study:: Atmosphere-biosphere interactions and feedbacks in the Alaskan Arctic. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Joint), Tapper, N (Joint-Co).
Student:: Harris, S.
Program of Study:: Atmospheric Science. 2004.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main).
Student:: Harris, S.
Program of Study:: Environmental and human controls on fire activity in the northern Australian savannas. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Packham, D (Associate).
Student:: Hellings, J.
Program of Study:: The role of fire in the atmospheric cycling and biogeochemistry of mercury in the Australian environment. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Adeloju, S (Main), Packham, D (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Kanniah, K.
Program of Study:: Environmental controls on the spatial and temporal variability of savanna productivity in the Northern Territory, Australia. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Joint), Tapper, N (Joint-Co), Zhu, X (Associate).
Student:: Kilinc, M.
Program of Study:: Carbon, water and energy exchange from an old growth Mountain Ash forest. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Main), Hutley, L (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Kirono, D.
Program of Study:: INDONESIAN SEASONAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY, LINKS TO EL NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION AND AGRICULTURAL IMPACTS. (PHD) 2000.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main).
Student:: Loughnan, M.
Program of Study:: The heart of the matter: geographical insights into the environmental and social epidemiology of acute myocardial infarction in Melbourne, Australia. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Nicholls, N (Associate), Cameron, P (Associate).
Student:: O'Loingsigh, T.
Program of Study:: Dust storms in the Lake Eyre Basin: evaluation of their sources, their frequency and their content. (PHD) 2008.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main), Dunkerley, D (Joint).
Student:: O'Sullivan, S.
Program of Study:: ENERGY BUDG.& LEAF AREA IND.EST.OF VIC. EUCA. FORS. (PHD) 2000.
Supervisors:: Mein, R (Main), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Oke, A.
Program of Study:: The relationship between the vineyard environment and within-block variability in winegrape yield and composition. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main).
Student:: Pearce, J.
Program of Study:: Linking meteorology, air pollution and health in Melbourne, Australia. (PHD) 2011.
Supervisors:: Beringer, J (Main), Nicholls, N (Associate), Tapper, N (Associate).
Student:: Wain, A.
Program of Study:: aIR PARCEL TRANSPORT OVER THE MARITIME CONTINENT AS DETERMINED FROM TRAJECTORY CLIMATOLOGIES, 1994-1999. (PHD) 2000.
Supervisors:: Tapper, N (Main).