Prof Stephen Holdsworth - Researcher Profile

Biography

Professor Stephen Holdsworth has brought together clinical academics who research our most problematic inflammatory diseases. While Stephen’s role as Director of the Centre for Inflammatory Diseases involves significant higher duties, he is still able to explore his interest in glomerulonephritis, a renal disease characterised by inflammation of the small blood vessels forming the glomeruli, or filters, of the kidneys.  

Glomerulonephritis is a major cause of chronic renal failure, and the most significant injury created by a generalised group of disorders called vasculitis. Stephen says identifying drugs to treat glomerulonephritis is a major challenge.

“While we have some drugs that are capable of modulating the disease, no new drugs have been discovered for two or three decades,” Stephen says. 

 

“Existing drugs are non-specific and have significant toxicity for patients. Our aim is to try and understand the molecular and cellular basis of the inflammatory process, which will help us develop new therapeutic targets. A particular focus is developing new biological agents like monoclonal antibodies or trying to manipulate immune tolerance, so we can develop more specific, less toxic therapies. We need to understand how the immune system causes these injuries, which will help us find critical injurious pathways to target.”

 

In addition to his directorial role, Stephen is a consultant renal specialist at Monash Medical Centre and head of the Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology. This allows him to examine the immunological basis of glomerulonephritis from several perspectives.  

“I have the opportunity to do clinical work with glomerulonephritis patients, study kidney biopsies that are taken for diagnosis and investigate the auto-antibodies and T-cells in their blood that are inducing the disease. We’ve actually found that this isn’t a single disease. A number of different diseases lead to glomerulonephritis and increasingly we’re finding that they are autoimmune diseases,” he says.  

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Qualifications

MD

Institution: Monash University

Year awarded: 1986

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

Institution: Monash University

Year awarded: 1978

FELLOWSHIP

Institution: Monash University

Year awarded: 1976

MBBS

Institution: Monash University

Year awarded: 1970

Publications

Book Chapters

Holdsworth, S., Tipping, P., 2011, Pathways of cellular adaptive immunity in autoimmune crescentic glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis, in Lupus Nephritis, eds Edmund J.Lewis, Melvin M. Schwartz, Stephen M. Korbet, Daniel Tak Mao Chan, Oxford University Press, United States, pp. 105-128.

Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2008, Pathogenesis of renal disease: Cytokines and other soluble factors, in The Kidney in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, eds Justin C. Mason and Charles D. Pusey, Elsevier, United Kingdom, pp. 63-79.

Tipping, P.G., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2001, The formation of glomerular crescents, in Immunologic Renal Diseases, eds Eric G. Neilson, William G. Couser, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 633-656.

Holdsworth, S.R., Erlich, J.H., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Immunopathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis, in Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis, Oxford University Press, Oxford University Press New York NY USA, pp. 12-42.

Journal Articles

Summers, S.A., Gan, P., Dewage, L.T., Ma, F., Ooi, J., O'Sullivan, K., Nikolic-Paterson, D.J., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2013, Mast cell activation and degranulation promotes renal fibrosis in experimental unilateral ureteric obstruction, Kidney International [P], vol 82, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 676-685.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Farmer, M., Freezer, N., Holmes, P., 2012, Chest pain and exacerbations of bronchiectasis, International Journal of General Medicine [E], vol 5, Dove Medical Press Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1019-1024.

Nozaki, Y., Nikolic-Paterson, D., Snelgrove, S., Akiba, H., Yagita, H., Holdsworth, S., Kitching, A., 2012, Endogenous Tim-1 (Kim-1) promotes T-cell responses and cell-mediated injury in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Kidney International [P], vol 81, issue 9, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 844-855.

King, P.T., Pick, A., Ngui, J., Prodanovic, Z., Downey, W., Choong, C.K.C., Kelman, A., Baranyai, E., Francis, M.J., Moshinsky, R., Bardin, P.G., Holmes, P., Holdsworth, S.R., 2012, Lung T-cell responses to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Journal Of Allergy And Clinical Immunology [P], vol epub, Mosby, Inc., United States, p. epub.

Gan, P.Y., Summers, S.A., Ooi, J., O'Sullivan, K., Tan, D.S.Y., Muljadi, R.C.M., Odobasic, D., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2012, Mast cells contribute to peripheral tolerance and attenuate autoimmune vasculitis, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 23, issue 12, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 1955-1966.

Snelgrove, S., Kausman, J., Lo, C., Lo, C., Ooi, J.D., Coates, P., Hickey, M., Holdsworth, S., Kurts, C., Engel, D., Kitching, A., 2012, Renal dendritic cells adopt a pro-inflammatory phenotype in obstructive uropathy to activate T cells but do not directly contribute to fibrosis, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 180, issue 1, Elsevier Inc., United States, pp. 91-103.

Ooi, J., Chang, J., Hickey, M.J., Borza, D., Fugger, L., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2012, The immunodominant myeloperoxidase T-cell epitope induces local cell-mediated injury in antimyeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis, Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America [P], vol 109, issue 39, National Academy of Sciences, United Statess, pp. E2615-E2624.

Ooi, J., Snelgrove, S., Engel, D., Hochheiser, K., Ludwig-Portugall, I., Nozaki, Y., O'Sullivan, K., Hickey, M., Holdsworth, S., Kurts, C., Kitching, A., 2011, Endogenous foxp3{+} T-regulatory cells suppress anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis, Kidney International [P], vol 79, issue 9, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, United States, pp. 977-986.

Odobasic, D., Gan, P., Summers, S., Semple, T., Muljadi, R., Iwakura, Y., Kitching, A., Holdsworth, S., 2011, Interleukin-17A promotes early but attenuates established disease in crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 179, issue 3, Elsevier Inc., United States, pp. 1188-1198.

Summers, S., Chan, J., Gan, P., Dewage, L., Nozaki, Y., Steinmetz, O., Nikolic-Paterson, D., Kitching, A., Holdsworth, S., 2011, Mast cells mediate acute kidney injury through the production of TNF, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 22, issue 12, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 2226-2236.

Summers, S., Phoon, R., Odobasic, D., Dewage, L., Kitching, A., Holdsworth, S., 2011, Signal transducer and activation of transcription 6 (STAT6) regulates T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 nephritogenic immunity in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Clinical And Experimental Immunology [P], vol 166, issue 2, Wiley Blackwell Publishing Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 227-234.

Summers, S., Phoon, R., Ooi, J., Holdsworth, S., Kitching, A., 2011, The IL-27 receptor has biphasic effects in crescentic glomerulonephritis mediated through Th1 responses, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 178, issue 2, American Society for Investigative Pathology, United States, pp. 580-590.

Steinmetz, O., Summers, S., Gan, P., Semple, T., Holdsworth, S., Kitching, A., 2011, The Th17-defining transcription factor RORgammat promotes glomerulonephritis, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 22, issue 3, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 472-483.

Kitching, A., Holdsworth, S., 2011, The emergence of TH17 cells as effectors of renal injury, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 22, issue 2, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 235-238.

Nozaki, Y., Nikolic-Paterson, D., Yagita, H., Akiba, H., Holdsworth, S., Kitching, A., 2011, Tim-1 promotes cisplatin nephrotoxicity, American Journal of Physiology - Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Physiology [E], vol 301, issue 5, American Physiological Society, United States, pp. F1098-F1104.

Summers, S., Steinmetz, O., Gan, P., Ooi, J., Odobasic, D., Kitching, A., Holdsworth, S., 2011, Toll-like receptor 2 induces Th17 myeloperoxidase autoimmunity while Toll-like receptor 9 drives Th1 autoimmunity in murine vasculitis, Arthritis & Rheumatism-Arthritis Care & Research [P], vol 63, issue 4, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., United States, pp. 1124-1135.

Summers, S.A., van der Veen, B.S., O'Sullivan, K., Gan, P., Ooi, J., Heeringa, P., Satchell, S.C., Mathieson, P.W., Saleem, M.A., Visvanathan, K., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2010, Intrinsic renal cell and leukocyte-derived TLR4 aggravate experimental anti-MPO glomerulonephritis, Kidney International [P], vol 78, issue 12, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 1263-1274.

King, P., Holdsworth, S., Freezer, N., Villanueva, E.V., Farmer, M., Guy, P., Holmes, P., 2010, Lung diffusing capacity in adult bronchiectasis: A longitudinal study, Respiratory Care [P], vol 55, issue 12, Daedalus Enterprises, Inc., United States, pp. 1686-1692.

Ooi, J., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2010, Review: T helper 17 cells: their role in glomerulonephritis, Nephrology [P], vol 15, issue 5, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 513-521.

Summers, S.A., Hoi, A., Steinmetz, O., O'Sullivan, K., Ooi, J., Odobasic, D., Akira, S., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2010, TLR9 and TLR4 are required for the development of autoimmunity and lupus nephritis in pristane nephropathy, Journal Of Autoimmunity [P], vol 35, issue 4, Academic Press, United Kingdom, pp. 291-298.

Gan, P., Steinmetz, O., Tan, D.S.Y., O'Sullivan, K., Ooi, J., Iwakura, Y., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2010, Th17 cells promote autoimmune anti-myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 21, issue 6, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 925-931.

Summers, S.A., Steinmetz, O., Ooi, J., Gan, P., O'Sullivan, K., Visvanathan, K., Akira, S., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2010, Toll-like receptor 9 enhances nephritogenic immunity and glomerular leukocyte recruitment, exacerbating experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, American Journal Of Pathology [P], vol 177, issue 5, American Society for Investigative Pathology, United States, pp. 2234-2244.

Phoon, R.K.S., Kitching, A.R., Jones, L.K., Holdsworth, S.R., 2009, Atorvastatin enhances humoral immune responses but does not alter renal injury in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Nephrology [E], vol 14, issue 7, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 650-657.

King, P.T., Bennett-Wood, V.R., Hutchinson, P.E., Robins-Browne, R.M., Holmes, P., Freezer, N., Holdsworth, S.R., 2009, Bactericidal activity of neutrophils with reduced oxidative burst from adults with bronchiectasis, APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immuno..., vol 117, issue 2, Wiley-Blackwell Munksgaard, Denmark, pp. 133-139.

Li, M., O'Sullivan, K., Jones, L.K., Lo, C., Semple, T.J., Kumanogoh, A., Kikutani, H., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2009, Endogenous CD100 promotes glomerular injury and macrophage recruitment in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Immunology [E], vol 128, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 114-122.

Jones, L., O'Sullivan, K., Semple, T.J., Kuligowski, M., Fukami, K., Ma, F., Nicolic-Paterson, D., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2009, IL-1RI deficiency ameliorates early experimental renal interstitial fibrosis, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [P], vol 24, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, pp. 3024-3032.

Ooi, J.D., Phoon, R.K.S., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2009, IL-23, not IL-12, directs autoimmunity to the Goodpasture antigen, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 20, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 980-989.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Farmer, M., Freezer, N., Villanueva, E.V., Holmes, P., 2009, Phenotypes of adult bronchiectasis: Onset of productive cough in childhood and adulthood, C O P D: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary, vol 6, issue 2, Informa Healthcare, United States, pp. 130-136.

Summers, S., Steinmetz, O., Li, M., Kausman, J.Y., Semple, T.J., Edgtton, K.L., Borza, D., Braley, H., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2009, Th1 and Th17 cells induce proliferative glomerulonephritis, Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology [P], vol 20, issue 12, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 2518-2524.

Ooi, J., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2008, Advances in the pathogenesis of Goodpasture's disease: From epitopes to autoantibodies to effector T cells, Journal of Autoimmunity, vol 31, issue 3, Academic Press, United Kingdom, pp. 295-300.

King, P.T., Ngui, J., Farmer, M., Hutchinson, P.E., Holmes, P.W., Holdsworth, S.R., 2008, Cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell responses to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 152, issue 3, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 542-551.

Odobasic, D., Leech, M.T., Xue, J.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2008, Distinct in vivo roles of CD80 and CD86 in the effector T-cell responses inducing antigen-induced arthritis, Immunology, vol 124, issue 4, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 503-513.

King, P.T., Ngui, J., Oppedisano, F., Robins-Browne, R.M., Holmes, P., Holdsworth, S.R., 2008, Effect of interferon gamma and CD40 ligation on intracellular monocyte survival of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Acta Pathologica Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica, vol 116, issue 12, Wiley-Blackwell Munksgaard, Denmark, pp. 1043-1049.

Edgtton, K.L., Kausman, J.Y., Li, M., O'Sullivan, K., Lo, C., Hutchinson, P.E., Yagita, H., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2008, Intrarenal antigens activate CD4+ cells via co-stimulatory signals from dendritic cells, American Society of Nephrology. Journal, vol 19, issue 3, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 515-526.

Holdsworth, S.R., Summers, S., 2008, Role of mast cells in progressive renal diseases, American Society of Nephrology. Journal, vol 19, issue 12, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 2254-2261.

King, P.T., Ngui, J., Gunawardena, D.A., Holmes, P.W., Farmer, M., Holdsworth, S.R., 2008, Systemic humoral immunity to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 153, issue 3, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 376-384.

Phoon, R.K.S., Kitching, A.R., Odobasic, D., Jones, L.K., Semple, T.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 2008, T-bet deficiency attenuates renal injury in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 19, issue 3, American Society of Nephrology, United States, pp. 477-485.

Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Hickey, M.J., 2008, Targeting leukocytes in immune glomerular diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol 15, issue 5, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Netherlands, pp. 448-458.

Summers, S., Holdsworth, S.R., Sharples, E., 2008, The (re)challenging question of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents inducing pure red cell aplasia, Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, vol 23, issue 10, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, pp. 3053-3055.

Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2007, Cytokines in glomerulonephritis, Seminars in Nephrology, vol 27, issue 3, W.B. Saunders Co, UK, pp. 275-285.

Odobasic, D., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 2007, Endogenous myeloperoxidase promotes neutrophil-mediated renal injury, but attenuates T cell immunity inducing crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 18, issue 3, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, United States, pp. 760-770.

Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2007, Leukocytes in glomerular injury, Seminars in Immunopathology, vol 29, issue 4, Springer, Germany, pp. 355-374.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Freezer, N., Villanueva, E.V., Holmes, P.W., 2007, Microbiologic follow-up study in adult bronchiectasis, Respiratory Medicine, vol 101, issue 8, WB Saunders Co Ltd, UK, pp. 1633-1638.

Timoshanko, J.R., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2006, A pathogenetic role for mast cells in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 1, Americal Society of Nephrology, USA, pp. 150-159.

Maclennan, C., Hutchinson, P.E., Holdsworth, S.R., Bardin, P., Freezer, N., 2006, Airway inflammation in asymptomatic children with episodic wheeze, Pediatric Pulmonology, vol 41, issue 6, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken USA, pp. 577-583.

Ruth, A., Kitching, A.R., Kwan, R.Q., Odobasic, D., Ooi, J.D.K., Timoshanko, J.R., Hickey, M.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 2006, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and effector CD4+ cells play nonredundant roles in anti-myeloperoxidase crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 1940-1949.

King, P.T., Hutchinson, P.E., Holmes, P., Freezer, N., Bennett-Wood, V.R., Robins-Browne, R.M., Holdsworth, S.R., 2006, Assessing immune function in adult bronchiectasis, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 144, issue 3, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 440-446.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Freezer, N., Holmes, P., 2006, Bronchiectasis, Internal Medicine Journal, vol 36, issue 11, Blackwell Science Asia, Australia, pp. 729-737.

Li, M., O'Sullivan, K., Jones, L.K., Semple, T.J., Kumanogoh, A., Kikutani, H., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2006, CD100 enhances dendritic cell and CD4+ cell activation leading to pathogenetic humoral responses and immune complex glomerulonephritis, The Journal of Immunology, vol 177, issue 5, American Association of Immunologists, Bethesda USA, pp. 3406-3412.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Freezer, N., Villanueva, E.V., Holmes, P., 2006, Characterisation of the onset and presenting clinical features of adult bronchiectasis, Respiratory Medicine, vol 100, issue 12, W B Saunders, UK, pp. 2183-2189.

Odobasic, D., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 2006, Inducible co-stimulatory molecule ligand is protective during the induction and effector phases of crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 4, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 1044-1053.

Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2006, T cells in crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 17, issue 5, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 1253-1263.

Apostolopoulos, J., Ooi, J.D.K., Odobasic, D., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2006, The isolation and purification of biologically active recombinant and native autoantigens for the study of autoimmune disease, Journal of Immunological Methods, vol 308, issue 1-2, Elsevier BV, Netherlands, pp. 167-178.

Odobasic, D., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2005, CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules regulate crescentic glomerulonephritis by different mechanisms, Kidney International, vol 68, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 584-594.

Hughes, A.J., Hutchinson, P.E., Gooding, T., Freezer, N.J., Holdsworth, S.R., Johnson, P.D.R., 2005, Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection using ESAT-6 and intracellular cytokine cytometry, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 142, issue 1, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK, pp. 132-139.

Dean, E.G., Wilson, G.R.A., Li, M., Edgtton, K.L., O'Sullivan, K., Hudson, B.G., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2005, Experimental autoimmune Goodpasture's disease: a pathogenetic role for both effector cells and antibody in injury, Kidney International, vol 67, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 566-575.

Odobasic, D., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Timoshanko, J.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2005, Glomerular expression of CD80 and CD86 is required for leukocyte accumulation and injury in crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, issue 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 2012-2022.

Timoshanko, J.R., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2005, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression by both renal parenchymal and immune cells mediates murine crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, issue 9, Lippincott Willimas & Wilkins, USA, pp. 2646-2656.

Kitching, A.R., Turner, A.L., Wilson, G.R.A., Semple, T.J., Odobasic, D., Timoshanko, J.R., O'Sullivan, K.M., Tipping, P.G., Takeda, K., Akira, S., Holdsworth, S.R., 2005, IL-12p40 and IL-18 in crescentic glomerulonephritis: IL-12p40 is the key Th1-defining cytokine chain, whereas IL-18 promotes local inflammation and leukocyte recruitment, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 16, issue 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 2023-2033.

Blazik, M., Hutchinson, P.E., Matthew, J.D., Polkinghorne, K.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Atkins, R.C., Chadban, S.J., 2005, Leukocyte phenotype and function predicts infection risk in renal transplant recipients, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol 20, issue 10, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 2226-2230.

King, P.T., Holdsworth, S.R., Freezer, N.J., Villanueva, E.V., Gallagher, M., Holmes, P., 2005, Outcome in adult bronchiectasis, COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, vol 2, issue 1, Informa Healthcare, London UK, pp. 27-34.

Ruth, A., Kitching, A.R., Li, M., Semple, T.J., Timoshanko, J.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, An IL-12-Independent Role for CD40-CD154 in Mediating Effector Responses: Studies in Cell-Mediated Glomerulonephritis and Dermal Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity, The Journal of Immunology, vol 173, issue 1, The American Association of Immunologists, Inc, United, pp. 136-144.

Timoshanko, J.R., Kitching, A.R., Iwakura, Y., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2004, Contributions of IL-1 and IL-1to crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 15, issue 4, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA, pp. 910-918.

Kitching, A.R., Turner, A.L., Wilson, G.R.A., Edgtton, K.L., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, Endogenous IL-13 Limits Humoral Responses and Injury in Experimental Glomerulonephritis but Does Not Regulate Th1 Cell-Mediated Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 15, issue 9, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA, pp. 2373-2382.

Hutchinson, P., Jose, M., Atkins, R.C., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, Ex vivo lymphocyte proliferative function is severely inhibited in renal transplant patients on mycophenolate mofetil treatment, Transplant Immunology, vol 13, issue 1, Elsevier Science BV, Netherland, pp. 55-61.

Kitching, A.R., Turner, A.L., Semple, T.J., Li, M., Edgtton, K.L., Wilson, G.R.A., Timoshanko, J.R., Hudson, B.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, Experimental autoimmune anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis: A protective role for IFN-, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 15, issue 7, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, USA, pp. 1764-1774.

Cunningham, M.A., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, Fibrin independent proinflammatory effects of tissue factor in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol 66, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing Inc, USA, pp. 647-654.

Timoshanko, J.R., Kitching, A.R., Iwakura, Y., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2004, Leukocyte-derived interleukin-1 interacts with renal interleukin-1 receptor I to promote renal tumor necrosis factor and glomerular injury in murine crescentic glomerulonephritis, American Journal of Pathology, vol 164, issue 6, American Society for Investigative Pathology, USA, pp. 1967-1977.

Kitching, A.R., Hutchinson, P., Atkins, R.C., Holdsworth, S.R., 2004, The role of flow cytometric ANCA detection in screening for acute pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, vol 19, issue 2, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 365-370.

Ruth, A., Kitching, A.R., Semple, T.J., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2003, Intrinsic renal cell expression of CD40 directs Th1 effectors inducing experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 14, issue 11, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 2813-2822.

Timoshanko, J.R., Sedgwick, J.D., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2003, Intrinsic renal cells are the major source of tumor necrosis factor contributing to renal injury in murine crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 14, issue 7, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 1785-1793.

Kitching, A.R., Kong, Y.Z., Huang, X.R., Davenport, P.R., Edgtton, K.L., Carmeliet, P., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2003, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is a significant determinant of renal injury in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 14, issue 6, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadeplphia USA, pp. 1487-1495.

Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2003, T cells in glomerulonephritis, Springer Seminars in Immunopathology, vol 24, issue 4, Springer-Verlag, New York USA, pp. 377-393.

King, P.T., Hutchinson, P., Johnson, P.D., Freezer, N., Holdsworth, S.R., 2002, Adaptive Immunity to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol Online, American Thoracic Society, New York NY USA, pp. 1-45.

Timoshanko, J.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P., 2002, IFN-g Production by Intrinsic Renal Cells and Bone Marrow-Derived Cells is Required for Full Expression of Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in Mice, Journal of Immunology, vol 168, American Association of Immunologists, Bethesda MD USA, pp. 4135-4141.

Kitching, A.R., Katerelos, M., Mudge, S.J., Tipping, P., Power, D.A., Holdsworth, S.R., 2002, Interleukin-10 inhibits experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 128, issue 1, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford UK, pp. 36-43.

Kitching, A.R., Huang, X., Turner, A.L., Tipping, P., Dunn, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2002, The Requirement for Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Leukocyte-Mediated Immune Glomerular Injury, Journal of American Society of Nephrology, vol 13, issue 2, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 350-358.

Kitching, A.R., Huang, X., Tipping, P., Holdsworth, S.R., 2002, effects of CRLA4-Fc on glomerular injury in humorally-mediated glomerulonephritis in BALB/c mice, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 128, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 429-435.

Timoshanko, J.R., Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S., Tipping, P., 2001, Interleukin-12 from intrinsic cells is an effector of renal injury in crescentic glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 12, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 464-471.

Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., 2000, Chemokines as therapeutic targets in renal disease, Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, vol 9 issue 5, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 505-511.

Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2000, Crescentic glomerulonephritis - a manifestation of a nephritogenic Th1 response?, Histology and Histopathology, vol 15, F. Hernandez, Murcia Spain, pp. 993-1003.

Leech, M., Huang, X.R., Morand, E.F., Holdsworth, S.R., 2000, Endogenous glucocorticoids modulate experimental anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 119, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 161-168.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Timoshanko, J.R., Holdsworth, S.R., 2000, Endogenous interleukin-10 regulates Th1 responses that induce crescentic glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol 57, Blackwell Science Inc, Malden MA USA, pp. 518-525.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Kurimoto, M., Holdsworth, S.R., 2000, IL-18 Has IL-12-Independent Effects in Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity: Studies in Cell-Mediated Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Journal of Immunology, vol 165 issue 8, American Association of Immunologists, USA, pp. 4649-4657.

Huang, X.R., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 2000, Interleukin-10 Inhibits Macrophage-Induced Glomerular Injury, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 11, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 262-269.

Li, S., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2000, MHC class I pathway is not required for the development of crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 122, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 453-458.

Cunningham, M.A., Rondeau, E., Chen, X., Coughlin, S.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 2000, Protease-activated Receptor 1 Mediates Thrombin-dependent, Cell-mediated Renal Inflammation in Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol 191 issue 3, The Rockefeller University Press, New York NY USA, pp. 455-461.

Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1999, IFN-gamma Mediates Crescentic Formation and Cell-Mediated Immune Injury in Murine Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 10 (4), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 752-759.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1999, IL-12 directs severe renal injury, crescent formation and Th1 responses in murine glomerulonephritis, European Journal of Immunology, vol 29, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Berlin Germany, pp. 1-10.

Tipping, P.G., Kitching, A.R., Cunningham, M.A., Holdsworth, S.R., 1999, Immunopathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis, Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, vol 8, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 281-286.

Leech, M., Metz, C.N., Hall, P., Hutchinson, P., Gianis, K., Smith, M., Weedon, H., Holdsworth, S.R., Bucala, R., Morand, E.F., 1999, Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor In Rheumatoid Arthritis - Evidence of Proinflammatory Function and Regulation by Glucocorticoids, Arthritis and Rheumatism, vol 42(8), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 1601-1608.

Cunningham, M.A., Huang, X., Dowling, J.P., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1999, Prominence of Cell-Mediated Immunity Effectors in "Pauci-Immune" Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 10, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 499-506.

Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., 1999, Th1 and Th2 helper cell subsets affect patterns of injury and outcomes in glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol 55, Blackwell Science, Malden MA USA, pp. 1198-1216.

Cunningham, M.A., Ono, T., Hewitson, T.D., Tipping, P.G., Becker, G.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 1999, Tissue factor pathway inhibitor expression in human crescentic glomerulonephritis, Kidney International, vol 55, Blackwell Science, Malden MA USA, pp. 1311-1318.

Leech, M., Hutchinson, P., Holdsworth, S.R., Morand, E.F., 1998, Endogenous glucocorticoids modulate neutrophil migration and synovial P-selectin but not neutrophil phagocytic or oxidative function in experimental arthritis, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 112 no 3, Blackwell Science Ltd, PO Box 88 Oxford OX2 ONE UK, pp. 383-388.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Mutch, D.A., Huang, X., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Interleukin-4 deficiency enhances Th1 responses and crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, Kidney International, vol 53, Blackwell Science Inc, 350 Main St Malden MA 02148 USA, pp. 112-118.

Leech, M., Metz, C.N., Santos, L., Peng, T., Holdsworth, S.R., Bucala, R., Morand, E.F., 1998, Involvement of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor In The Evolution of Rat Adjuvant Arthritis, Arthritis and Rheumatism, vol 41 no 5, American College of Rheumatology, Philadelphia USA, pp. 910-917.

Santos, L., Huang, X., Berndt, M.C., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, P-selectin requirement for neutrophil accumulation and injury in the direct passive Arthus reaction, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 112 no 2, Blackwell Science Ltd, PO Box 88 Oxford OX2 ONE UK, pp. 281-286.

Lukito, W., Hodgson, J.M., Hutchinson, P., Wahlqvist, M.L., Holdsworth, S.R., Savige, G.S., Wattanapenpaiboon, N., 1998, Platelet Fatty Acids and Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in an Institutionalized Elderly Population, Cytometry (Communications in Clinical Cytometry), vol 34, Wiley-Liss Inc, New York NY USA, pp. 17-21.

Gallicchio, M., McFarlane, J.R., Hufnagl, P., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Stimulation of PAI-1 in rabbit anti-GBM glomerulonephritis, Nephrology, vol 4, Blackwell Science, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 65-74.

Huang, X., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, T cells direct macrophage recruitment and giant cell formation but not proliferation in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis, Nephrology, vol 4, Blackwell Science, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 151-156.

Santos, L., Morand, E.F., Boyce, N.W., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Anti-neutrophil monoclonal antibody therapy inhibits the development of adjuvant arthritis, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 107, Blackwell Science Ltd, UK, pp. 248-253.

Shuo, L., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1997, Antibody independent crescentic glomerulonephritis in m chain deficient mice, Kidney International, vol 51, Blackwell Science Inc., 350 Main St Malden MA 02148 USA, pp. 672-678.

Yang, Y., Leech, M., Hutchinson, P., Holdsworth, S.R., Morand, E.F., 1997, Antiinflammatory effect of lipocortin 1 in experimental arthritis, Inflammation, vol 21, Plenum Publishing Corporation, 232 Spring St New York NY USA, pp. 583-596.

Tipping, P.G., Kitching, A.R., Huang, X.R., Mutch, D.A., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Immune modulation with interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 prevents crescent formation and glomerular injury in experimental glomerulonephritis, European Journal of Immunology, vol 27, Wiley-VCH, Germany, pp. 530-537.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Huang, X.R., Mutch, D.A., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 attenuate established crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, Kidney International, vol 52, Blackwell Science Inc., 350 Main St Malden MA 02148 USA, pp. 52-59.

Huang, X.R., Tipping, P.G., Apostolopoulos, J., Oettinger, C., D'Souza, M., Milton, G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Mechanisms of T cell-induced glomerular injury in anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis in rats, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol 109, Blackwell Science, UK, pp. 134-142.

Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Ploplis, V., Plow, E., Collen, D., Carmeliet, P., Tipping, P.G., 1997, Plasminogen and Plasminogen Activators Protect against Renal Injury in Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol 185, The Rockefeller University Press, USA, pp. 963-968.

Santos, L., Morand, E.F., Yang, Y., Hutchinson, P., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Suppression of adjuvant arthritis and synovial macrophage inducible nitric oxide by N-iminoethyl-L ornithine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, Inflammation, vol 21, Plenum Publishing Corporation, 232 Spring St New York NY USA, pp. 299-311.

Huang, X.R., Tipping, P.G., Shuo, L., Holdsworth, S.R., 1997, Th1 responsiveness to nephritogenic antigens determines susceptibility to crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice, Kidney International, vol 51, Blackwell Science Inc., 350 Main St Malden MA 02148 USA, pp. 94-103.

Huang, X.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1997, Th2 Responses Induce Humorally Mediated Injury in Experimental Anti-Glomerular Membrane Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol 8, American Society of Nephrology, University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA, pp. 1101-1108.

Erlich, J.H., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1997, Tissue Factor Initiates Glomerular Fibrin Deposition and Promotes Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression in Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, American Journal of Pathology, vol 150, American Assoc.of Pathologist, Philadelphia PA USA, pp. 873-880.

Conference Proceedings

Edgtton, K.L., Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., 2005, Delayed antigen-specific CD4(+) cell proliferation in the kidney, Tissue Antigens, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, p. 405.

Cunningham, M.A., Rondeau, E., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Attenuation of Proliferative Glomerulonephritis in Thrombin Receptor (PAR-1) Deficient Mice: Evidence For A Non-Coagulant Role of Thrombin in Glomerular Injury, Nephrology, Auckland NZ, Blackwell Science Asia, Carlton Vic Australia, p. A2.

Kitching, A.R., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Endogenous Interferon-y is an Important Mediator of Glomerular Cresent Formation and Cell Mediated Glomerular injury, Nephrology, Auckland NZ, Blackwell Science Asia, Carlton Vic Australia.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Interleukin-12 Directs Th1 Responses and Crescent Formation in Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Philadelphia USA October 25-28, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, p. A17.

Kitching, A.R., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Interleukin-4 Is Not A Crucial Mediator of Renal Injury in Th2 Prone Mice With Glomerulonephritis, Nephrology, Auckland NZ, Blackwell Science Asia, Carlton Vic Australia, p. A4.

Tipping, P.G., Li, S., Kurts, C., Kontgen, F., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC II) Expression by Intrinsic Glomerular Cells is Required for Antigen Recognition in Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Philadelphia Pennsylvania Oct 25-28 1998, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, p. A13.

Holdsworth, S.R., Kitching, A.R., Huang, X., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Modulation of Experimental Crescentic Glomerulonephritis by TH2 Cytokines, Blood Purification, June 10-11 Chicago USA, International Society of Blood Purification, Chicago USA, pp. 26-28.

Cunningham, M.A., Huang, X., Tipping, P.G., Dowling, J.P., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Prominence of Cell-Mediated Immunity in "Pauci-immune" Glomerulonephritis (GN), Nephrology, Auckland NZ, Blackwell Science Asia, Carlton Vic Australia, p. A4.

Huang, X., Tipping, P.G., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, The Effects of CTLA4-Ig Treatment on Anti-GBM Glomerulonephritis In Th2 Prone Balb/c Mice, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Philadelphia Pennsylvania Oct 25-28 1998, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, p. A13.

Cunningham, M.A., Huang, X., Ono, T., Tipping, P.G., Becker, G.J., Holdsworth, S.R., 1998, Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor and Its Correlation with Tissue Factor and Fibrin in Human Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, Nephrology, Auckland NZ, Blackwell Science Asia, Carlton Vic Australia, p. A4.

Cunningham, M.A., Hutchinson, P., Holdsworth, S.R., Tipping, P.G., 1998, Tissue Factor/Factor VIIA Receptor/Ligand Interactions Augment Macrophage Activation, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Philadelphia Pennsylvania Oct 25-28 1998, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia Pennsylvania.

Grants

Title:

A Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter to Support Research Into Human Reproduction Development and Immunology.

Investigators:

Trounson, A, de Kretser, D, Kola, I, Holdsworth, S, Pera, M

Funding:

(1997 - 1999). Wellcome Trust (UK).

Title:

Biosensor equipment for On-line Measurement of Binding Constants and Kinetics.

Investigators:

Hearn, M, de Kretser, D, Holdsworth, S, Thompson, P

Funding:

Title:

CRC Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.

Investigators:

Hertzog, P, Holdsworth, S, Wilson, T

Funding:

(2003 - 2007). Cooperative Research Centres (CRC).

Title:

Cytokine Therapy of Glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1996 - 2000). Australian Kidney Foundation.

Title:

Expression and regulation of fibrinolytic mechanisms in glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

Title:

Immunoregulation in the pathogenesis and therapy of autoimmune anti myeloperoxidase glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Kitching, A

Funding:

(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Initiation of Inflammatory Glomerular Injury By Extrinsic Pathway Activation.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1998 - 2002). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Lightcycler Instument.

Investigators:

Kola, I, de Kretser, D, Holdsworth, S, Hertzog, P

Funding:

(1999 - 1999). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Mechanisms of Disease in Humans with MPO-ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Kitching, A, Kerr, P

Funding:

(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Mechanisms of infection triggered renal vasculitis.

Investigators:

Kitching, A, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(2011 - 2015). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Mechanisms of t lymphocyte directed injury in proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1994 - 2016). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Medical Research Equipment Grant 99 - Microplate Reader.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S, Kitching, A

Funding:

(2000 - 2000). Kidney Health Australia.

Title:

Micro-isolator cages for housing mice under specific pathogen free conditions.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(2002 - 2006). Monash University.

(2002 - 2006). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Microscopy equipment - low light video camera.

Investigators:

Hickey, M, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(2002 - 2006). The Jack Brockhoff Foundation.

Title:

Molecular mechanisms of macrophage initiated fibrin deposition in glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1995 - 1999). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

NHMRC 1994 Project- Tipping/Holdsworth- Tipping/Holdsworth.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1999 - ). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Pathogenic mechanisms of inflammatory diseases. ID:334067.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Tipping, P, Morand, E, Kitching, A, Hickey, M

Funding:

(2005 - 2009). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Protease receptors and inflammation.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1997 - 2001). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

Roche "Light Cycler reg." Real-time PCR.

Investigators:

Tipping, P, Holdsworth, S, Kitching, A, Leech, M, Hickey, M, Morand, E

Funding:

(2003 - 2007). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

T Cell Subsets Direct Immunopathological Features and Outcomes of Immune Glomerular Injury.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Tipping, P

Funding:

(1998 - 2000). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

T cell Cytokines in crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Tipping, P

Funding:

(1996 - 2000). Baxter Healthcare Corporation.

Title:

T cell directed endothelial cell coagulation dysfunction in glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(1995 - 1999). Kidney Health Australia.

Title:

The Regulation of Organ Specific Inflammatory Disease.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Tipping, P, Morand, E

Funding:

(2001 - 2005). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

The Therapeutic Role of Complement Inhibition in ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S, Kitching, A, Summers, S

Funding:

(2013 - 2017). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

The role of Mast cells in renal disease.

Investigators:

Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(2011 - 2015). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Title:

The role of T lymphocyte subsets in the evolution and functional outcome of ischaemic stroke.

Investigators:

Sanders, L, Phan, T, Sobey, C, Holdsworth, S, Srikanth, V

Funding:

(2010 - 2014). Merck Serono Australia Pty Ltd.

Title:

The role of myeloperoxidase in immune responses inducing glomerulonephritis and arthritis.

Investigators:

Odobasic, D, Holdsworth, S

Funding:

(2010 - 2013). National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC).

Postgraduate Research Supervisions

Current Supervision

Program of Study:

(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).

Thesis Title:

Immune Cell Interactions in Human and Experimental MPO-Glomerulonephritis..

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Joint-co), Kitching, A (Joint).

Program of Study:

(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).

Thesis Title:

Immunomodulation of anti-MPO autoimmunity and ANCA associated glomerulonephritis by human stem cells.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main), Kitching, A (Associate).

Program of Study:

(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).

Thesis Title:

The Role of Toll Like Receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR9 in Clinical and Experimental Renal Vasculitis and Gl.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Joint), Summers, S (Joint-co).

Program of Study:

(DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).

Thesis Title:

The role of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Supervisors:

Kitching, A (Main), Holdsworth, S (Associate).

Completed Supervision

Student:

Chang, J.

Program of Study:

Autoimmunity - an Important Cause of Renal Failure. 2009.

Supervisors:

Kitching, A (Main), Ooi, J (Associate), Holdsworth, S (Associate).

Student:

Dev, A.

Program of Study:

FACTORS EFFECTING THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS C IN SOUTHEAST ASIANS. (PHD) 2003.

Supervisors:

Sievert, W (Main), Holdsworth, S (Associate).

Student:

Edgtton, K.

Program of Study:

Models to study CD4+T cell priming and effector functions in the kidney: a study of renal DCs and costimulation. (PHD) 2006.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main), Kitching, A (Associate).

Student:

Hutchinson, P.

Program of Study:

QUANTITATION OF IMMUNE COMPETENCE IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS. (PHD) 2005.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main).

Student:

King, P.

Program of Study:

ADULT BRONCHIECTASIS: CLINICAL FEATURES, PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT. (PHD) 2003.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main), Freezer, N (Associate).

Student:

Leech, M.

Program of Study:

REGULATION OF INFLAMMATION BY ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND MIF. (PHD) 2000.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main).

Student:

Midolo, P.

Program of Study:

HELIBACTER PYLORI INFECTIONS: BACTERIAL KILLING IN-VITRO SEROLOGIC DETECTION AND DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE. (Masters) 2000.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main).

Student:

Odobasic, D.

Program of Study:

Regulation of CD4+T cell responses by the CD28/B7 and ICOS/ICOSL costimulatory pathways and myeloperoxidase. (PHD) 2006.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main).

Student:

Ooi, J.

Program of Study:

Autoimmune glomerulonephritis: identification of T cell epitopes and modulators of disease. (PHD) 2008.

Supervisors:

Kitching, A (Main), Holdsworth, S (Associate).

Student:

Pianko, S.

Program of Study:

HEPATITIS C INDUCED LIVER INJURY AND FACTORS INFLUENCING RESPONSE TO INTERFERON BASED THERAPY. (PHD) 2002.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main), Sievert, W (Associate).

Student:

Ruth, A.

Program of Study:

THE EFFECTOR MECHANISMS OF GLOMERULAR INJURY IN EXPERIMENTAL CRESCENTIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. (PHD) 2004.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main).

Student:

Sampey, A.

Program of Study:

EFFECT OF TWO GLUOCOCORTOID-INDUCIBLE PROTEINS ON HUMAN FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES. (PHD) 2001.

Supervisors:

Morand, E (Main), Holdsworth, S (Associate).

Student:

Summers, S.

Program of Study:

Toll like receptors and adaptive immune responses in experimental murine glomerulonephritis. (PHD) 2010.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Joint-Co), Kitching, A (Joint).

Student:

Tan, D.

Program of Study:

T cell tolerance in the modulation of autoimmune anti-myeloperoxidase ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. (PHD) 2011.

Supervisors:

Holdsworth, S (Main), Kitching, A (Associate).