Tel: +61 3 990 39066
Fax: +61 3 9903 9581
Email: Roger.Summers@monash.edu
Web: http://www.pharm.monash.edu.au/research/mips/ddb/index.html
Position
Professor of Molecular Pharmacology - Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Theme Leader - Drug Discovery Biology - Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Honorary Professorial Research Fellow - Florey Neurosciences Institutes
Honorary Doctorate Honoris Causa - University of Stockholm
Fellow of the British Pharmacological Society
Complexity in signalling
Roger Summers and his colleagues working in Drug Discovery Biology at the Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences are working on the complex language of signalling between cells. Many hormones and transmitter molecules change the behaviour of cells by interacting with G protein-coupled receptors located usually at the cell surface and forming the largest group of proteins targeted therapeutically by drugs.
While traditional pharmacology has been very successful in developing drugs that turn on (agonists) or turn off (antagonists) receptors, over recent years it has been realised that it is possible to greatly increase the texture and variety of responses to drugs. Interaction of a drug with a receptor causes a structural change that activates signalling pathways within the cell. Recent research into receptor signalling has shown that particular drugs can cause subtly different changes in conformation that transmit different messages and potentially allow tailoring of responses preferentially down particular pathways so allowing beneficial effects of drug treatment without side effects. Development of this concept known as biased signalling opens new avenues for drug design.
In addition we have found that receptors don’t usually sit in isolation at the cell surface but often form complexes with other signalling molecules that can influence how they transmit messages to the cell, their sensitivity and how they are regulated by drug treatment. In one particular case, studies of the receptor for the circulating hormone relaxin and how it signals, has helped with the development of this peptide as a drug for the treatment of acute cardiac failure. Thanks to these studies we are now beginning to understand how minute circulating concentrations of relaxin can produce effects in cells and why there is an optimum dose for the use of this drug therapeutically.
Our studies of the basic mechanisms involved in drug interaction with receptors is increasingly recognised by collaborative interactions with the pharmaceutical industry with the objectives of producing new and more effective drugs.
G protein , Ligand-directed, relaxin
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2004, Adrenaline and noradrenaline, in From Messengers to Molecules: Memories Are Made of These, eds Gernot Riedel and Bettina Platt, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York USA, pp. 155-173.
Wade, J.D., Dawson, N.F., Roche, P.J., Otvos Jnr, L., Summers, R.J., Tan, Y.Y., Tregear, G.W., 1998, Ovine leydig cell insulin-like peptide: a sheep relaxin?, in Peptide Science - Present and Future, Kluwer, UK, pp. 756-760.
Bathgate, R., Halls, M.L., Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Callander, G., Kocan, M., Summers, R.J., 2013, Relaxin family peptides and their receptors, Physiological Reviews [P], vol 93, issue 1, The American Physiological Society, Bethesda Maryland USA, pp. 405-480. View Publication
Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Halls, M.L., Furness, S.G.B., Bengtsson, T., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2012, Interaction with caveolin-1 modulates G protein coupling of the mouse beta3-adrenoceptor, Journal Of Biological Chemistry [P], vol 287, issue 24, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc., USA, pp. 20674-20688. View Publication
Summers, R., 2012, Themed section: Molecular Pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors, British Journal of Pharmacology [P], vol 165, issue 6, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, pp. 1609-1612. View Publication
Dehvari, N., Hutchinson, D., Nevzorova, J., Dallner, O., Sato, M., Kocan, M., Merlin, J., Evans, B., Summers, R., Bengtsson, T., 2011, Beta(2)-adrenoceptors increase translocation of GLUT4 via GPCR kinase sites in the receptor C-terminal tail, British Journal of Pharmacology [P], vol 165, issue 5, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, pp. 1442-1456. View Publication
Baker, J.G., Hill, S.J., Summers, R.J., 2011, Evolution of beta-blockers: from anti-anginal drugs to ligand-directed signalling, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences [P], vol 32, issue 4, Elsevier Ltd, UK, pp. 227-234. View Publication
Wootten, D., Simms, J., Koole, C., Woodman, O., Summers, R., Christopoulos, A., Sexton, P., 2011, Modulation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling by naturally occurring and synthetic flavonoids, Journal Of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics [P], vol 336, issue 2, Modulation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling by naturally occurring and synthetic fl, AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, pp. 540-550.
Evans, B.A., Broxton, N., Merlin, J., Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Christopoulos, A., Summers, R.J., 2011, Quantification of functional selectivity at the human {alpha}1A-adrenoceptor, Molecular Pharmacology [P], vol 79, issue 2, American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, USA, pp. 298-307. View Publication
Catus, S.L., Gibbs, M.E., Sato, M., Summers, R.J., Hutchinson, D.S., 2011, Role of beta-adrenoceptors in glucose uptake in astrocytes using beta-adrenoceptor knockout mice, British Journal of Pharmacology [P], vol 162, issue 8, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, pp. 1700-1715. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Catus, S.L., Merlin, J., Summers, R.J., Gibbs, M.E., 2011, alpha{2}-Adrenoceptors activate noradrenaline-mediated glycogen turnover in chick astrocytes, Journal Of Neurochemistry [P], vol 117, issue 5, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK, USA, pp. 915-926. View Publication
Koole, C., Wootten, D., Simms, J., Valant, C., Sridhar, R., Woodman, O., Miller, L., Summers, R., Christopoulos, A., Sexton, P.M., 2010, Allosteric ligands of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) differentially modulate endogenous and exogenous peptide responses in a pathway-selective manner: Implications for drug screening, Molecular Pharmacology [P], vol 78, issue 3, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, USA, pp. 456-465. View Publication
Du, X., Bathgate, R., Samuel, C.S., Dart, A., Summers, R., 2010, Cardiovascular effects of relaxin: from basic science to clinical therapy, Nature Reviews Cardiology [P], vol 7, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 48-58. View Publication
Du, X., Bathgate, R.A.D., Samuel, C.S., Dart, A.M., Summers, R.J., 2010, Cardiovascular effects of relaxin: from basic science to clinical therapy, Nature Reviews Cardiology [P], vol 7, issue 1, Nature Publishing Group, UK, pp. 48-58. View Publication
Van Der Westhuizen, E., Christopoulos, A., Sexton, P., Wade, J., Summers, R., 2010, H2 relaxin is a biased ligand relative to H3 relaxin at the relaxin family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) [S], Molecular Pharmacology [P], vol 77, issue 5, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, United States, pp. 759-772. View Publication
Evans, B., Sato, M., Sarwar, M., Hutchinson, D., Summers, R., 2010, Ligand-directed signalling at beta-adrenoceptors, British Journal of Pharmacology [P], vol 159, issue 5, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 1022-1038. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Maksel, D.M., Gibbs, Z., Hou, X., Summers, R.J., Small, D.H., 2010, Memory loss caused by beta-amyloid protein is rescued by a beta3-adrenoceptor agonist, Neurobiology of Aging, vol 31, Elsevier Inc., USA, pp. 614-624. View Publication
Summers, R., 2010, Molecular pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors: Editorial, British Journal of Pharmacology [P], vol 159, issue 5, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 983-985. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., 2010, Noradrenaline release in the locus coeruleus modulates memory formation and consolidation; roles for alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors, Neuroscience [P], vol 170, issue 4, Pergamon, UK, France, pp. 1209-1222. View Publication
Merlin, J., Evans, B.A., Csikasz, R.I., Bengtsson, T., Summers, R.J., Hutchinson, D.S., 2010, The M3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor stimulates glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells by a CaMKK-AMPK-dependent mechanism, Cellular Signalling [P], vol 22, issue 7, Elsevier Inc., USA, pp. 1104-1113. View Publication
Michel, M., Ochodnicky, P., Summers, R., 2010, Tissue functions mediated by beta3-adrenoceptors-Findings and challenges, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology [P], vol 382, issue 2, Springer, Germany, pp. 103-108. View Publication
van der Westhuizen, E.T., Wade, J.D., Sexton, P.M., Summers, R.J., 2009, Addition of a carboxy-terminal green fluorescent protein does not alter the binding and signaling properties of relaxin family peptide receptor 3, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1160, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 105-107. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Rodricks, C.L., Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., Miller, S.L., 2009, Importance of adrenergic receptors in prenatally induced cognitive impairment in the domestic chick, International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, vol 27, Pergamon, UK, pp. 27-35. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Mookerjee, I., Halls, M.L., Summers, R.J., Chew, E., Bathgate, R.A.D., Tregear, G.W., Hewitson, T.D., 2009, Investigations into the inhibitory effects of relaxin on renal myofibroblast differentiation, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1160, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc, USA, pp. 294-299. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Papaioannou, M., Wade, J.D., Evans, B.A., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2009, RXFP1 couples to the Galphai3-Gbetagamma-PI3K-PKCzeta pathway via the final 10 amino acids of the receptor C-terminal tail, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1160, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 117-120. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Hewitson, T.D., Moore, X., Du, X., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2009, Relaxin activates multiple cAMP signaling pathway profiles in different target cells, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1160, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 108-111. View Publication
Halls, M.L., van der Westhuizen, E.T., Wade, J.D., Evans, B.A., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2009, Relaxin family peptide receptor (RXFP1) coupling to Galphai3, involves the C-terminal Arg752 and localization within membrane raft microdomains, Molecular Pharmacology [P], vol 75, issue 2, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, USA, pp. 415-428. View Publication
Mookerjee, I., Hewitson, T.D., Halls, M.L., Summers, R.J., Mathai, M.L., Bathgate, R., Tregear, G.W., Samuel, C.S., 2009, Relaxin inhibits renal myofibroblast differentiation via RXFP1, the nitric oxide pathway, and Smad2, The FASEB Journal, vol 23, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, USA, pp. 1219-1229. View Publication
Summers, R.J., Bathgate, R.A.D., Wade, J.D., van der Westhuizen, E.T., Halls, M.L., 2009, Roles of the receptor, the ligand, and the cell in the signal transduction pathways utilized by the relaxin family peptide receptors 1-3, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1160, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., USA, pp. 99-104. View Publication
Summers, R.J., 2008, COMMENTARY: Atypical pharmacologies at beta-adrenoceptors, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 155, issue 3, Nature Publishing Group, UK, pp. 285-287. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., Gibbs, M.E., 2008, Energy metabolism and memory processing: Role of glucose transport and glycogen in responses to adrenoceptor activation in the chicken, Brain Research Bulletin, vol 76, issue 3, Elsevier Inc., United States, pp. 224-234. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Bowser, D.N., Hutchinson, D.S., Loiacono, R., Summers, R.J., 2008, Memory processing in the avian hippocampus involves interactions between beta-adrenoceptors, glutamate receptors, and metabolism, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol 33, issue 12, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 2831-2846. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., Bengtsson, T., 2008, Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase activity by G-protein coupled receptors: Potential utility in treatment of diabetes and heart disease, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol 119, issue 3, Elsevier Inc., United States, pp. 291-310. View Publication
Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Halls, M.L., Samuel, C.S., Bathgate, R., Unemori, E.N., Sutton, S.W., Summers, R.J., 2008, Relaxin family peptide receptors - from orphans to therapeutic targets, Drug Discovery Today, vol 13, issue 15-16, Elsevier Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 640-651. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., 2008, Role of beta-Adrenoceptors in Memory Consolidation: beta3-Adrenoceptors Act on Glucose Uptake and beta2-Adrenoceptors on Glycogenolysis, Neuropsychopharmacology, vol 33, Nature Publishing Group, London England UK, pp. 2384-2397. View Publication
Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2008, The beta3-adrenoceptor agonist 4-[[(hexylamino)carbonyl]amino]-N-[4-[2-[[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]amino]ethyl]-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (L755507) and antagonist [...], Molecular Pharmacology, vol 74, issue 5, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, United States, pp. 1417-1428. View Publication
Davis, E.A., Loiacono, R., Summers, R.J., 2008, The rush to adrenaline: Drugs in sport acting on the beta-adrenergic system, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 154, issue 3, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (Nature Publishing Group), United Kingdom, pp. 584-597. View Publication
Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2007, Functional domains of the mouse beta3-adrenoceptor associated with differential G-protein coupling, Biochemical Society Transactions, vol 35, issue Pt 5, Portland Press Ltd, London, England, UK, pp. 1035-1037. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Summers, R.J., 2007, Comparison of signaling pathways activated by the relaxin family peptide receptors, RXFP1 and RXFP2, using reporter genes, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol 320, issue 1, The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda USA, pp. 281-290. View Publication
Sato, M., Horinouchi, T., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2007, Ligand-directed signaling at the beta3-adrenoceptor produced by 3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-[(1,S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapth-1-ylamino]-2S-2-propanol oxalate (SR59230A) relative to receptor agonists, Molecular Pharmacology, vol 72, issue 5, American Society of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda MD USA, pp. 1359-1368. View Publication
Moore, X., Tan, S., Lo, C., Fang, L., Su, Y., Gao, X., Woodcock, E.A., Summers, R.J., Tregear, G.W., Bathgate, R., Du, X., 2007, Relaxin antagonizes hypertrophy and apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, Endocrinology, vol 148, issue 4, Endocrine Society, Chevy Chase MD USA, pp. 1582-1589. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Bathgate, R., Summers, R.J., 2007, Relaxin family peptide receptors - Former orphans reunite with their parent ligands to activate multiple signalling pathways, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 150, issue 6, Nature Publishing Group, London England UK, pp. 677-691. View Publication
Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Summers, R.J., Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Sexton, P., 2007, Relaxin receptors - new drug targets for multiple disease states, Current Drug Targets, vol 8, issue 1, Bentham Science Ltd, Sharjah UAE, pp. 91-104. View Publication
Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Werry, T.D., Sexton, P., Summers, R.J., 2007, The relaxin family peptide receptor 3 activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 through a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism, Molecular Pharmacology, vol 71, issue 6, American Society of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda MD USA, pp. 1618-1629. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., Gibbs, M.E., 2007, beta2- and beta3-Adrenoceptors activate glucose uptake in chick astrocytes by distinct mechanisms: A mechanism for memory enhancement?, Journal of Neurochemistry, vol 103, issue 3, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England UK, pp. 997-1008. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Chernogubova, E., Sato, M., Summers, R.J., Bengtsson, T., 2006, Agonist effects of zinterol at the mouse and human beta3-adrenoceptor, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol 373, issue 2, Springer, Berlin Germany, pp. 158-168. View Publication
Bathgate, R., Ivell, R., Sanborn, B.M., Sherwood, O.D., Summers, R.J., 2006, International union of pharmacology LVII: recommendations for the nomenclature of receptors for relaxin family peptides, Pharmacological Reviews, vol 58, issue 1, The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda MA USA, pp. 7-31. View Publication
Nevzorova, J., Evans, B.A., Bengtsson, T., Summers, R.J., 2006, Multiple signalling pathways involved in beta2-adrenoceptor-mediated glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle cells, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 147, issue 4, Nature Publishing Group, London UK, pp. 446-454. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2006, Relaxin family peptide receptors RXFP1 and RXFP2 modulate cAMP signaling by distinct mechanisms, Molecular Pharmacology, vol 70, issue 1, The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda Maryland USA, pp. 214-226. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Du, X., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2006, 'Relaxin' the stiffened heart and arteries: the therapeutic potential for relaxin in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol 112, issue 2, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford England UK, pp. 529-552. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2005, Contrasting roles for beta1, beta2 and beta3-adrenoceptors in memory formation in the chick, Neuroscience, vol 131, issue 1, Elsevier, Oxford England, pp. 31-42. View Publication
Hutchinson, D.S., Sato, M., Evans, B.A., Christopoulos, A., Summers, R.J., 2005, Evidence for pleiotropic signaling at the mouse beta3-adrenoceptor revealed by SR59230A [3-(2-ethylphenoxy)-1-[(1,S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapth-1-ylamino]-2S-2-propanol oxalate], The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol 312, issue 3, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda USA, pp. 1064-1074. View Publication
Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Bengtsson, T., Floren, A., Langel, U., Horinouchi, T., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2005, Functional domains of the mouse beta3-adrenoceptor associated with differential G-protein coupling, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol 315, issue 3, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, USA, pp. 1354-1361. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Bond, C.P., Sudo, S., Kumagai, J., Ferraro, T., Layfield, S., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2005, Multiple binding sites revealed by interaction of relaxin family peptides with native and chimeric relaxin family peptide receptors 1 and 2 (LGR7 and LGR8), The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol 313, issue 2, The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bethesda USA, pp. 677-687. View Publication
Samuel, C., Zhao, C., Bathgate, R., Du, X., Summers, R., Amento, E., Walker, L., McBurnie, M., Zhao, L., Tregear, G., 2005, The relaxin gene-knockout mouse: a model of progressive fibrosis, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences [P], vol 1041, Blackwell Science Publishing, UK, pp. 173-181. View Publication
Bond, C.P., Parry, L.J., Samuel, C.S., Gehring, H.M., Lederman, F.L., Rogers, P.A.W., Summers, R.J., 2004, Increased expression of the relaxin receptor (LGR7) in human endometrium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol 89, issue 7, Endocrine Society, USA, pp. 3477-3485. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Zhao, C., Bond, C.P., Hewitson, T.D., Amento, E.P., Summers, R.J., 2004, Relaxin-1-deficient mice develop an age-related progression of renal fibrosis, Kidney International, vol 65, issue 6, Blackwell Publishing, USA, pp. 2054-2064. View Publication
Popp, B.D., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2004, Stereoselectivity for interactions of agonists and antagonists at mouse, rat and human 3-adrenoceptors, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol 484, issue 2-3, Elsevier, Amsterdam The Netherlands, pp. 323-331. View Publication
Summers, R.J., Broxton, N., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., 2004, The Janus faces of adrenoceptors: factors controlling the coupling of adrenoceptors to multiple signal transduction pathways, Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, vol 31, issue 11, Blackwell Publishing, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 822-827. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Parry, L.J., Summers, R.J., 2003, Physiological or pathological - a role for relaxin in the cardiovascular system?, Current Opinion in Pharmacology, vol 3, issue 2, Elsevier, Oxford England, pp. 152-158. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Zhao, C., Bathgate, R.A.D., Bond, C.P., Burton, M.D., Parry, L.J., Summers, R.J., Tang, M.L.K., Amento, E.P., Tregear, G.W., 2003, Relaxin deficiency in mice is associated with an age-related progression of pulmonary fibrosis, FASEB Journal, vol 17, issue 1, Federation of the American Society of Experimental Biology, Bethesda USA, pp. 121-123. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2003, a2-adrenoceptors in the basal ganglia have a role in memory consolidation and reinforcement, Neuropharmacology, vol 45, issue 3, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 355-367. View Publication
Nevzorova, J., Bengtsson, T., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2002, Characterization of the -adrenoceptor subtype involved in mediation of glucose transport in L6 cells, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 137, Nature Publishing Group, London England, pp. 9-18.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2002, Effects of Glucose and 2-Deoxyglucose on Memory Formation in the Chick: Interaction with 3-Adrenoceptor Agonists, Neuroscience, vol 114, issue 1, Pergamon-Elsevier, Oxford England, pp. 69-79.
Bathgate, R., Samuel, C.S., Burazin, T.C., Layfield, S., Claasz, A.A., Reytomas, I.G., Dawson, N.F., Zhao, C., Bond, C.P., Summers, R.J., Parry, L.J., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., 2002, Human Relaxin Gene 3 (H3) and the Equivalent Mouse Relaxin (M3) Gene, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol 277, American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc., Bethesda NS USA, pp. 1148-1157.
Kompa, A., Samuel, C.S., Summers, R.J., 2002, Inotropic Responses to Human Gene 2 (B29) Relaxin in a Rat Model of Mocardial infarction (MI): effect of pertussis Toxin, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 137, Nature Publishing group, London UK, pp. 710-718.
Hutchinson, D.S., Bengtsson, T., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2002, Mouse 3a- and 3b- adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells display identical pharmacology but utilize distinct signalling pathways, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 135, Nature Publishing Group, London England, pp. 1903-1914.
Claasz, A.A., Bond, C.P., Bathgate, R., Otvos Jnr, L., Dawson, N.F., Summers, R.J., Tregear, G.W., Wade, J.D., 2002, Relaxin-Like bioactivity of Ovine Insulin 3 (INSL3) Analogues, European Journal of Biochemistry, vol 269, issue 24, Blackwell, Oxford England, pp. 6287-6293. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2002, Role of Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Memory Consolidation, Progress in Neurobiology, vol 67, issue 5, Pergamon Elsevier, Oxford England, pp. 345-391.
Tan, Y.Y., Dawson, N.F., Kompa, A., Bond, C.P., Claasz, A.A., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 2002, Structural requirements for the interaction of sheep insulin-like factor 3 with relaxin receptors in rat atria, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol 457, issue 2-Mar, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 153-160.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2001, Enhancement of memory consolidation in chicks by b3-adrenoceptor agonists, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol 413, issue 2-3, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 235-240.
Heffernan, M.A., Thorburn, A.W., Fam, B., Summers, R.J., Conway-Campbell, B., Waters, M., Ng, F.M., 2001, Increase in fat oxidation and weight loss in obese mice caused by chronic treatment with human growth hormone or a modified C-terminal fragment, International Journal of Obesity, vol 25, issue 10, Nature Publishing Group, Basingstoke England, pp. 1442-1449.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2001, Stimulation of a1-adrenoceptors inhibts memory consolidation in the chick, European Journal of Neuroscience, vol 14, issue 8, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 1369-1376.
Mathieu, M., Wade, J.D., Catimel, B., Bond, C.P., Nice, E.C., Summers, R.J., Otvos Jnr, L., Tregear, G.W., 2001, Synthesis, conformational studies and biological activity of Na -mono-biotinylated rat relaxin, Journal of Peptide Research, vol 57, issue 5, Munksgaard Int Publ Ltd, Copenhagen Denmark, pp. 374-382.
Heffernan, M.A., Summers, R.J., Thorburn, A.W., Ogru, E., Gianello, R., Jiang, W., Ng, F.M., 2001, The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and b3 -AR knock-out mice, Endocrinology, vol 142, issue 12, Endocrine Society, Bethesda MD USA, pp. 5182-5189.
Brown, K.J., Summers, R.J., 2001, b1 - and b3 -adrenoceptor mediated smooth muscle relaxation in hypothyroid rat ileum, European Journal of Pharmacology, vol 415, issue 2-3, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 257-263.
Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2001, b1-Adrenoceptors compensate for b3-adrenoceptors in ileum from b3-adrenoceptor knock-out mice, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 132, issue 2, Nature Publishing Group, Basingstoke England, pp. 433-442.
Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2000, Beta3-adrenoceptor regulation and relaxation responses in mouse ileum, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 129, Stockton Press, Basingstoke England, pp. 1251-1259.
Castillo-Melendez, M.E., McKinley, M.J., Summers, R.J., 2000, Intracerebroventicular administration of the beta3-adrenoceptor agonist CL 316243 causes Fos immunoreactivity in discrete regions of rat hypothalamusi, Neuroscience Letters, vol 290, Elsevier, Shannon Ireland, pp. 161-164.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 2000, Lidocaine and surgical modification reduces mortality in a rat model of cardiac failure induced by coronary artery ligation, Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, vol 43, Elsevier Science, New York NY USA, pp. 199-203.
Mathieu, M., Wade, J.D., Tan, Y.Y., Summers, R.J., Tregear, G.W., 2000, Novel strategy for the synthesis of template-assembled analogues of rat relaxin, Journal of Peptide Science, vol 6, John Wiley, West Sussex England, pp. 235-242.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 2000, Separate roles for Beta2- and Beta3-adrenoceptors in memory consolidation, Neuroscience, vol . 95, no. 3, Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford UK, pp. 913-922.
Evans, B.A., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Summers, R.J., 1999, Alternative splicing generates two isoforms of the beta3-adrenoceptor which are differentially expressed in mouse tissues, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 127, Stockton Press, Basingstoke England, pp. 1525-1531.
Summers, R.J., 1999, Beta-adrenoceptors, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Receptor and Ion Channel Supplement, vol 10th edition, Elsevier, Oxford England, pp. 13-14.
Roberts, S.J., Papaioannou, M., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1999, Characterization of beta-adrenoceptor mediated smooth muscle relaxation and the detection of mRNA for beta1- beta2- and beta3- adrenoceptors in rat ileum, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 127, Stockton Press, Basingstoke England, pp. 949-961.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1999, Desensitisation and resensitisation of beta1- and putative beta4-adrenoceptor mediated responses occur in parallel in a rat model of cardiac failure, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 128, Stockton Press, Basingstoke England, pp. 1399-1406.
Kompa, A.R., Gu, X., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1999, Desensitisation of cardiac beta-adrenoceptor signaling with heart failure produced by myocardial infarction in the rat. Evidence for the role of Gi but not Gs or phosphorylating proteins, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol 31, Academic Press, London England, pp. 1185-1201.
McMartin, L., Summers, R.J., 1999, Functional analysis of desensitization of the beta-adrenoceptor signalling pathway in rat cardiac tissues following chronic isoprenaline infusion, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 127, Stockton Press, Basingstoke England, pp. 1012-1020.
Tan, Y.Y., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 1999, Quantitative autoradiographic studies of relaxin binding in rat atria, uterus and cerebral cortex: characterization and effects of oestrogen treatment, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 127, Stockton press, Basingstoke England, pp. 91-98.
Dawson, N.F., Tan, Y.Y., Macris, M., Otvos Jnr, L., Summers, R.J., Tregear, G.W., Wade, J.D., 1999, Solid-phase synthesis of ovine Leydig cell insulin-like peptide - a putative ovine relaxin?, Journal of Peptide Research, vol 53, Munksgaard International, Copenhagen Denmark, pp. 542-547.
Evans, B.A., Agar, L., Summers, R.J., 1999, The role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of leptin synthesis in C57BL/6 mice, Federation of European Biochemical Societies Letters, vol 444, Elsevier, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 149-154.
Tan, Y.Y., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 1998, Comparison of relaxin receptors in rat isolated atria and uterus by use of synthetic and native relaxin analogues, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol 123, Stockton Press, Basingstoke Hampshire UK, pp. 762-770.
Emilsson, V., Summers, R.J., Hamilton, S., Liu, Y.L., Cawthorne, M.A., 1998, The effects of the b3-adrenoceptor agonist BRL 35134 on UCP isoform mRNA expression, Biochemical and biophysical research communications, vol 252, academic press, orlando florida usa, pp. 450-454.
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Summers, R.J., 2006, Differential G protein coupling of the relaxin family peptide receptors RXFP1 and RXFP2 is due to differences in the C-terminal tail, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 2-7/7/2006, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, p. 395.
Sexton, P., Summers, R.J., 2006, Mechanisms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation following activation of relaxin family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) by human relaxin-3 (H3 relaxin), Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 2-7/7/-06, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 392-393.
Horinouchi, T., Sato, M., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2006, The role of the C-terminal domain in mouse beta(3)-adrenoceptor signalling, Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 26-30/6/2006, Japanese Pharmacogical Society, Kyoto Japan, p. 126.
Nevzorova, J., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 2006, The role of the C-terminal tail of the human beta(2)-adrenoceptor in stimulation of glucose uptake in CHO cells, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 2-7/7/2006, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, p. 394.
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Sudo, S., Kumagai, J., Bond, C.P., Summers, R.J., 2005, Identification of binding sites with differing affinity and potency for relaxin analogues on LGR7 and LGR8 receptors, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 05 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 17-21. View Publication
Bond, C.P., Parry, L.J., Samuel, C.S., Gehring, H., Lederman, F.L., Rogers, P.A.W., Summers, R.J., 2005, Increased expression of the relaxin receptor (LGR7) in human endometrium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 5 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 136-143. View Publication
Bathgate, R.A., Ivell, R., Sanborn, B.M.O., Sherwood, O.D., Summers, R.J., 2005, Receptors for relaxin family peptides, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 5 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 61-76.
Van Der Westhuizen, E.T., Sexton, P.M., Bathgate, R.A.D., Summers, R.J., 2005, Responses of GPCR135 to human gene 3 (H3) relaxin in CHO-K1 cells determined by microphysiometry, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 5 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 332-337.
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Summers, R.J., 2005, Signal switching after stimulation of LGR7 receptors by human relaxin 2, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 05 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 288-291. View Publication
Halls, M.L., Bathgate, R., Roche, P.J., Summers, R.J., 2005, Signaling pathways of the LGR7 and LGR8 receptors determined by reporter genes, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 5 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 292-295. View Publication
Tregear, G.W., Bathgate, R., Layfield, S., Ferraro, T., Gundlach, A.L., Ma, S., Lin, F., Hanson, N.F., Summers, R.J., Rosengren, J., Craik, D.J., Wade, J.D., 2005, The chemistry and biology of human relaxin-3, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 05 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 40-46. View Publication
Samuel, C.S., Zhao, C., Bathgate, R.A.D., Du, X., Summers, R.J., Amento, E.P., Walker, L.L., McBurnie, M., Zhao, L., Tregear, G.W., 2005, The relaxin gene-knockout mouse: a model of progressive fibrosis, Relaxin and Related Peptides: Fourth International Conference, 05 September 2004 to 10 September 2004, New York Academy of Sciences, New York USA, pp. 173-181. View Publication
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 1999, Actions of beta3-adrenoceptor agonists in memory consolidation, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSW, Dec 1999, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 27-Oral 2-5.
Hutchinson, D.S., Summers, R.J., 1999, Characterization of ileal beta-adrenoceptor mediated responses in beta3-adrenoceptor knockout mice, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSW,. Dec 1999, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 104-Post 1-64.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1999, Desensitisation of inotropic responses to human gene 2 (B29) relaxin in a rat model of congestive heart failure is enhanced by treatment with pertussis toxin, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSW, Dec 1999, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 93-Post 1-41.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1999, Inotropic responses to human gene 2 (B29) relaxin are reduced in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), International Society of Heart Research Annual Meeting Australasian section - Engineering Cardiovascular Solutions, Pakatoa Is., Auckland, NZ, Aug 99, Internat. Soc. for Heart Research, Auckland NZ, p. Poster 21.
Castillo-Melendez, M.E., Summers, R.J., 1999, Regulation of immediate early gene expression by the beta3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316243 in rat brain, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSW, Dec 1999, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 118-Post 1-92.
Tregear, G.W., Bathgate, R., Dawson, N.F., Ferraro, T., Macris, M., Mathieu, M., Summers, R.J., Tan, Y.Y., Zhao, L., Wade, J.D., 1999, Relaxin and relaxin-related peptides: synthesis, structure and biological function, 16th American Peptide Symposium Organistion, Minneapolis, USA june 99, 16th American Peptide Symposium, Minneapolis USA, p. Lect. 054.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 1999, Role of adrenoceptor subtypes in consolidation of memory by noradrenaline, Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society, Hobart TAS 31 January - 3 February 1999, Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra ACT Australia, p. 151.
Gibbs, M.E., Summers, R.J., 1999, Role of adrenoceptor subtypes in consolidation of memory by noradrenaline, Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society, Hobart, TAS, Jan 1999, Aust Neurosci Society, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 151-Post 1-102.
Brown, C.J., Summers, R.J., 1999, The role of thyroid hormone in regulation of beta adrenoceptor mediated relaxation of rat ileal smooth muscle, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSw, Dec 1999, ASCPET, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 105-Post 1-65.
Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1999, The search for a fourth beta-adrenoceptor, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Sydney, NSW, Dec 1999, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, pp. 27-Oral 2-6.
Wade, J.D., Tan, Y.Y., Otvos Jnr, L., Summers, R.J., Tregear, G.W., 1999, Towards defining the biologically active site of relaxin, 16th American Peptide Symposium Organistion, Minneapolis, USA, 16th American Peptide Symposium, Minneapolis USA, p. Poster 870.
Tan, Y.Y., Dawson, N.F., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 1998, A single amino acid substitution confers relaxin-like activity in sheep leydig cell insulin-like peptide (LEY I-L), Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Hobert, TAS, December 1998, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 47.
Summers, R.J., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Evans, B.A., 1998, Alternative splicing generates two isoforms of the b3 - adrenoceptor which are differentially expressed in mouse tissues, British Pharmacology Society Meeting, Harrogate, UK, December, Stockton Press, Basingstoke Hampshire UK, p. 52P.
Summers, R.J., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Evans, B.A., 1998, Alternative splicing generates two isoforms of the mouse b-adrenoceptor, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munchen, Germany, Aug.1998, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, p. 94 A11.
Summers, R.J., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Evans, B.A., 1998, Alternative splicing generates two isoforms of the mouse b3 -adrenoceptor, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, Munchen, Germany, July 1998, Springer, Berlin, p. R612.
Summers, R.J., Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., 1998, B3 -adrenorecoptors: differential regulations and novel subtypes, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nordic Pharmacological Society, Copenhagan Denmark, pp. 37-39.
Tan, Y.Y., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 1998, Binding characteristics of the relaxin receptor in rat brain, Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra, ACT, Jan 1998, Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra ACT Australia, p. 46 O8-3.
Evans, B.A., Hutchinson, D.S., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Summers, R.J., 1998, Cloing and expression of two isoforms of the b3 -adrenoceptor which are differentially expressed in mouse tissues, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Hobart, TAS, December 1998, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 130.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1998, Comparison of b1 and putative b4- adrenoceptor (AR) mediated responses in a rat model of cardiac failure, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Hobart, TAS, December 1998, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 184.
Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1998, Differential regulation of b3-adrenoceptors (ARs) in mouse ileum and adipose tissues by the b3-AR agonist CL 316243 and the b3-AR antagonist SR 59230A, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, Munchen, Germany, July 1998, Springer, Berlin, p. R613.
Summers, R.J., Papaioannou, M., Hamilton, S., Evans, B.A., 1998, Generation of two isoforms of the mouse b3-adrenoceptor by alternative splicing, Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra, ACT, Jan 1998, Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra ACT Australia, p. 150 P111.
Dawson, N.F., Macris, M., Otvos Jnr, L., Summers, R.J., Tan, Y.Y., Tregear, G.W., Wade, J.D., 1998, Ovine leydig cell insulin-like peptide is not a sheep relaxin, 23rd Annual Lorne Conference on Protein Structure and Function, Lorne, VIC, Feb.1998, Lorne Conference, Lorne, p. c44.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1998, Reduced b-adrenoceptor (b-AR) function in a rat model of myocardial infarctions due to changes in G-protein mRNA, International Society for Heart Research, Sydney, NSW, August 1998, Baker Institute, Prahran Vic Australia, p. 27 P19.
Kompa, A.R., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1998, Reduced b-adrenoceptor(b-AR)function in a rat model of myocardial infarction(MI) is not associated with changes in expression of receptor phosphorylating enzymes, Proceedings of the Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra, ACT, Jan 1998, Australian Neuroscience Society, Canberra ACT Australia, p. 145 P102.
Roberts, S.J., Hamilton, S., Summers, R.J., 1998, Regulation of b3 -adrenoceptors (AR) by thyroid hormone in tissue cultures of rat ileal smooth muscle, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Hobart, TAS, December 1998, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 129.
Hutchinson, D.S., Evans, B.A., Summers, R.J., 1998, The pharmacological properties of the mouse b3a and b3b - adrenoceptor expressed in CHO - KI cells studied using the cytosensor R microphysiometer, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, Hobart, TAS, December 1998, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 174.
Summers, R.J., Tan, Y.Y., Wade, J.D., Dawson, N.F., Tregear, G.W., 1998, The pharmacology of relaxin and related peptides, Peptide Users Group Spring Symposium, Clayton, VIC, October 1998, Chiron technologies, Clayton Vic Australia, p. 8.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1998, The role of G-Proteins in reduced b-adrenoceptor(b-AR function in a rat model of myocardial infarction(MI), Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munchen, Germany, Aug.1998, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, p. 93 A6.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1998, The role of G-proteins in reduced b-adrenoceptors (b-AR) function in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI), Cardiovascular Function In Health and Disease, Sydney, June 1998, International Society For Autonomic Neuroscience, Sydney NSW Australia, p. Oral 1.
Tan, Y.T., Wade, J.D., Tregear, G.W., Summers, R.J., 1997, Characterisation of relaxin binding in the rat brain, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, 30 November - 3 December,1997, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 29.
Roberts, S.J., Summers, R.J., 1997, Examination of the relative contribution of b1-b2- and b3- adrenoceptor (AR) sybtypes mediating smooth muscle relaxation in rat ileum, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, 30 November - 3 December, 1997, ASCEPT, Sydney NSW Australia, p. 102.
Kompa, A.R., Summers, R.J., 1997, Reduced b adrenoceptor (b- AR) function in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) involves changes at the level of G - proteins, Proceedings of the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists, 30 November - 3 December, 1997, ASCEPT, Syndey, p. 52.
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