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Prof Euan Wallace - Researcher Profile

Address

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Southern Clinical School, Clayton

Profile
Summary
Qualifications
Publications
Supervisions

Biography

From bedside to lab to bedside – research that gives hope to desperate mums

Professor Euan Wallace is a hero to expectant mums at risk of losing a baby or giving birth to a child with cerebral palsy or organ damage. The director of the Ritchie Centre and his multidisciplinary team seek – and often find – new ways to treat at-risk mothers and babies, including with antioxidants to minimise and stems cells to repair serious tissue damage.

As an obstetrician who treats the most at-risk pregnancies in Victoria, Euan is particularly excited by his research team’s latest promising treatment, which could reduce brain and lung damage in stressed fetuses.

It’s now ready for clinical trials, having proved successful in laboratory modelling. It involves introducing antioxidants into the womb via the mother to treat a lack of oxygen in stressed fetuses.

These fetuses often end up with too many oxygen free radicals, which can damage their brains and other organs and cause cerebral palsy – a disability that often only shows up when parents wonder why their child can’t crawl or walk like other babies of the same age.

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The new treatment can also be used directly on babies, starved of oxygen at birth. It’s the kind of clinical problem solving at which the Ritchie Centre excels.

‘We start with a clinical problem in our wards, develop experimental models to mimic it, unpick the pathways along which it occurs, develop treatments and bring them back to the clinic – a bedside-to-bench-to-bedside approach that is one of our strengths.” he says.

The Ritchie Centre sits within the Monash Institute of Medical Research and is based at the Monash Medical Centre, the teaching hospital linked to Monash University.

It brings together basic scientists, medical researchers, doctors, nurses, as well as sociologists and even engineers to solve problems that perinatal medical staff – who treat mothers and babies before, during and after birth – face every day.

One of the group’s biggest challenges is intrauterine growth restriction, where a fetus grows slowly or not at all. It occurs in about one in 20 pregnancies, and although it is not always a serious problem, when it is it can trigger the damaging cycle of inadequate oxygen.

Seven out of 10 cases of cerebral palsy have their origins in such an event in the womb rather than at birth because, as Euan says, “the placenta is not plugged in properly”.

“We need to take the baby as far as we can in the pregnancy to give it its best prospects for survival. But at the same time, we need to acknowledge that injury is going on and these babies have a 10-fold increased risk of cerebral palsy in years to come.”

This delicate balancing act of trying to prolong a difficult pregnancy, care for a stressed fetus and act when birth is necessary, is at the heart of much of Euan’s work.

But advances in obstetrics can create new problems, requiring new solutions. For example, babies born at just 24 weeks can survive now, unlike 30 years ago, but face a lifetime of chronic lung disease, which can worsen with age.

“These are children who we expect to have really bad lung disease in their 40s and 50s,” Euan says. “But we can’t be sure how bad because we don’t have any adults, born at 24 weeks, aged 40 yet.”

The desire to repair organs damaged in the womb or at birth has led to another promising treatment, which uses stem cells from the amniotic sac within the placenta.

Amniotic stem cells are special because, unlike stem cells taken from embryos, they are simply collected from placentas that will be discarded anyway. They also don’t carry the risk of producing tumours and, potentially, can be transplanted into any human being to repair damaged organs, not just the one they came from.

Research into their use is in its early stages at the Ritchie Centre but gives hope that we might soon be able to repair the damaged lungs of a very premature baby or the brain of a stressed fetus at risk of cerebral palsy.

While Euan and his team are heroes to many anxious parents, he sees them as the real fighters.

“The drive and emotions underlying having children are fundamental and powerful. It’s a genuine privilege to be able to provide care for these families – to see the challenges that mothers and babies face, come back to the laboratory and our scientists and say, ‘These are the issues, let’s cure them.’”

Qualifications

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY: Institution: Unknown; Year awarded: 2005

Publications

Book Chapters

Murphy, S., Rosli, S., Acharya, R., Mathias, L., Lim, R., Wallace, E., Jenkin, G., 2010, Amnion epithelial cell isolation and characterization for clinical use, in Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology, eds Andrew Elfanty, Richard Gregory, Roger Patient, Thorsten Schlager, Evan Y. Snyder, Yukiko Yamashita, John Wiley & Sons, United States, pp. 1-25.

Murphy, S., Wallace, E., Jenkin, G., 2010, Placental-Derived Stem Cells: Potential Clinical Applications, in Stem Cells & Regerative Medicine: From Molecular Embryology to Tissue Engineering, eds Krishnarao Appasani & Raghu K. Appasani, Humana Press, New York, pp. 243-263.

Wallace, E.M., 2002, Prenatal screening for Down's syndrome - the evidence for better practice, in Reproductive Medicine in the Twenty-First Century, eds D. L. Healy, G. T. Kovacs, R. McLachlan, O. Rodriguez-Armas, Parthenon Publishing Group Inc., Pearl River USA, pp. 59-64.

Wallace, E.M., 2000, Serum Markers of Feto-Maternal Well-Being, in Hormones and Women's Health - The Reproductive Years, Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 207-214.

Lumsden, M., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Clinical presentation of uterine fibroids, in Balliere's Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Balliere Tindall, UK, pp. 177-195.

Journal Articles

Hodges, R., Bardien, N., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Acceptability of stem cell therapy by pregnant women, Birth: Issues In Perinatal Care [P], vol 39, issue 2, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., United States, pp. 91-97.

Hodges, R., Lim, R., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E., 2012, Amnion epithelial cells as a candidate therapy for acute and chronic lung injury, Stem Cells International [E], vol 2012, issue Art Id 709763, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, United States, pp. 1-7.

Miller, S.L., Sutherland, A.E., Supramaniam, V.G., Walker, D.W., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Antenatal glucocorticoids reduce growth in appropriately grown and growth-restricted ovine fetuses in a sex-specific manner, Reproduction, Fertility and Development [P], vol 24, issue 5, C S I R O Publishing, Australia, pp. 753-758.

Miller, S.L., Wallace, E.M., Walker, D.W., 2012, Antioxidant therapies: A potential role in perinatal medicine, Neuroendocrinology [P], vol 96, issue 1, S Karger AG, Switzerland, pp. 13-23.

Vosdoganes, P., Lim, R.S.W., Moss, T.J.M., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Cell therapy: a novel treatment approach for bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Pediatrics [P], vol 130, issue 4, American Academy of Pediatrics, United States, pp. 727-737.

Saffery, R., Morley, R., Carlin, J., Joo, J., Ollikainen, M., Novakovic, B., Andronikos, R., Li, X., Loke, Y., Carson, N., Wallace, E., Umstad, M., Permezel, M., Galati, J., Craig, J., 2012, Cohort profile: the peri/post-natal epigenetic twins study, International Journal of Epidemiology [P], vol 41, issue 1 (Art. No.: dyr140), Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, pp. 55-61.

Drysdale, H., Ranasinha, S., Kendall, A., Knight, M., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Ethnicity and the risk of late-pregnancy stillbirth, Medical Journal Of Australia [P], vol 197, issue 5, Australasian Medical Publishing Company Pty Ltd, Australia, pp. 278-281.

Tare, M., Miller, S.L., Wallace, E.M., Sutherland, A.E., Yawno, T., Coleman, H.A., Jenkin, G., Parkington, H.C., 2012, Glucocorticoid treatment does not alter early cardiac adaptations to growth restriction in preterm sheep fetuses, Bjog-An International Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology [P], vol 119, issue 8, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK, pp. 906-914.

Murphy, S., Shiyun, S.C., Tan, J., Chan, S.T., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., Lim, R.S.W., 2012, Human amnion epithelial cells do not abrogate pulmonary fibrosis in mice with impaired macrophage function, Cell Transplantation [P], vol 21, issue 7, Cognizant Communication Corporation, United States, pp. 1477-1492.

Murphy, S., Lim, R.S.W., Heraud, P.R., Cholewa, M., Le Gros, M.A., de Jong, M.D., Howard, D., Paterson, D.J., McDonald, C., Atala, A., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Human amnion epithelial cells induced to express functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, PLoS ONE [P], vol 7, issue 9 (Art. ID: e46533), Public Library Of Science, United States, pp. 1-8.

Hodges, R., Jenkin, G., Hooper, S., Allison, B., Lim, R., Dickinson, H., Miller, S., Vosdoganes, P., Wallace, E., 2012, Human amnion epithelial cells reduce ventilation-induced preterm lung injury in fetal sheep , American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology [P], vol 206, issue 5 (Art. No.: 448), Mosby Inc., United States, pp. 8-15.

Lu, A.B., Abd Halim, A., Dendle, C., Kotsanas, D., Giles, M., Wallace, E., Buttery, J., Stuart, R., 2012, Influenza vaccination uptake amongst pregnant women and maternal care providers is suboptimal, Vaccine [P], vol 30, issue 27, Elsevier Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 4055-4059.

Hodges, R., Wallace, E.M., 2012, Mending a growth-restricted fetal heart: should we use glucocorticoids?, Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine [E], vol 25, issue 11, Informa Healthcare, United Kingdom, pp. 2149-2153.

Stewart, Z., Wallace, E.M., Allan, C.A., 2012, Patterns of weight gain in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus: an observational study, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology [P], vol 52, issue 5, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 433-439.

Swanson, A., Veldman, A., Wallace, E., Malhotra, A., 2012, Subgaleal hemorrhage: risk factors and outcomes, Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica [P], vol 91, issue 2, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 260-263.

Sutherland, A., Crossley, K., Allison, B., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E., Miller, S., 2012, The effects of intrauterine growth restriction and antenatal glucocorticoids on ovine fetal lung development, Pediatric Research [P], vol 71, issue 6, Nature Publishing Group, United States, pp. 689-696.

Stewart, Z., Wallace, E., Allan, C., 2012, Weight gain in pregnancy: a survey of current practices in a teaching hospital, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology [P], vol 52, issue 2, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 208-210.

Bertucci, M.C., Loose, J.M., Wallace, E.M., Jenkin, G., Miller, S.L., 2011, Anti-inflammatory therapy in an ovine model of fetal hypoxia induced by single umbilical artery ligation, Reproduction, Fertility and Development [P], vol 23, issue 2, CSIRO Publishing, Australia, pp. 346-352.

Skubisz, M., Li, J., Wallace, E., Tong, S., 2011, Decline in beta hCG levels between days 0 and 4 after a single dose of methotrexate for ectopic pregnancy predicts treatment success: A retrospective cohort study, Bjog-An International Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology [P], vol 118, issue 13, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 1665-1668.

Sinni, S., Cross, W., Wallace, E., 2011, Designing a clinical audit tool to measure processes of pregnancy care, Nursing: Research and Reviews [E], vol 1, Dove Medical Press Ltd, New Zealand, pp. 15-25.

Gordon, L., Joo, J., Andronikos, R., Ollikainen, M., Wallace, E., Umstad, M., Permezel, M., Oshlack, A., Morley, R., Carlin, J., Saffery, R., Smyth, G., Craig, J., 2011, Expression discordance of monozygotic twins at birth: Effect of intrauterine environment and a possible mechanism for fetal programming, Epigenetics [E], vol 6, issue 5, Landes Bioscience, United States, pp. 579-592.

Vosdoganes, P., Hodges, R., Lim, R., Westover, A., Acharya, R., Wallace, E., Moss, T., 2011, Human amnion epithelial cells as a treatment for inflammation-induced fetal lung injury in sheep, American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology [P], vol 205, issue 2 (Art. No: 156), Mosby, Inc., United States, pp. e26-e33.

Murphy, S., Lim, R., Dickinson, H., Acharya, R., Rosli, S., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E., 2011, Human amnion epithelial cells prevent bleomycin-induced lung injury and preserve lung function, Cell Transplantation [P], vol 20, issue 6, Cognizant Communication Corp., United States, pp. 909-923.

Crozier, T., Wallace, E., 2011, Obstetric admissions to an integrated general intensive care unit in a quaternary maternity facility, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology [P], vol 51, issue 3, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 233-238.

Sinni, S., Wallace, E., Cross, W., 2011, Patient safety: A literature review to inform an evaluation of a maternity service, Midwifery [P], vol 27, issue 6, Churchill Livingstone, United Kingdom, pp. e274-e278.

Li, Y., Puryer, M., Lin, E., Hale, K., Salamonsen, L., Manuelpillai, U., Tong, S., Chan, W., Wallace, E., Nie, G., 2011, Placental HtrA3 is regulated by oxygen tension and serum levels are altered during early pregnancy in women destined to develop preeclampsia, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism [P], vol 96, issue 2, The Endocrine Society, United States, pp. 403-411.

Teh, W., Teede, H., Paul, E., Harrison, C., Wallace, E., Allan, C.A., 2011, Risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus: Implications for the application of screening guidelines, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology [P], vol 51, issue 1, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 26-30.

Fahey, M., Wallace, E., 2011, Stem cells: Research tools and clinical treatments, Journal Of Paediatrics And Child Health [P], vol 47, issue 9, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 672-675.

Hodges, R., Salvador, L., D'Antona, D., Georgiou, H., Wallace, E., 2010, Activin A as a marker of intrauterine infection in women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes, Journal of Perinatology [P], vol 30, issue 1, Nature Publishing Group, United Kingdom, pp. 22-26.

Mockler, J., Murphy, D., Wallace, E., 2010, An Australian and New Zealand survey of practice of the use of oxytocin at elective caesarean section, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & G..., vol 50, issue 1, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 30-35.

Moodley, Y., Ilancheran, S., Samuel, C., Vaghjiani, V., Atienza, D., Williams, E., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., Trounson, A.O., Manuelpillai, U.C., 2010, Human amnion epithelial cell transplantation abrogates lung fibrosis and augments repair, American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine [P], vol 182, issue 5, American Thoracic Society, USA, pp. 643-651.

Neil, P.R.L., Wallace, E.M., 2010, Is Amnisure(R) useful in the management of women with prelabour rupture of the membranes?, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology [P], vol 50, issue 6, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 534-538.

Ligam, P., Manuelpillai, U., Wallace, E., Walker, D., 2010, NFkappaB-dependent increase of kynurenine pathway activity in human placenta: Inhibition by sulfasalazine, Placenta [P], vol 31, issue 11, Elsevier Ltd, United Kingdom, pp. 997-1002.

Bilardi, J., De Guingand, D., Temple-Smith, M., Garland, S., Fairley, C., Grover, S., Wallace, E., Hocking, J., Tabrizi, S., Pirotta, M., Chen, M., 2010, Young pregnant women's views on the acceptability of screening for chlamydia as part of routine antenatal care, BMC Public Health [P], vol 10, issue Art. No: 505, BioMed Central Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 1-8.

Miller, S.L., Supramaniam, V.G., Jenkin, G., Walker, D.W., Wallace, E.M., 2009, Cardiovascular responses to maternal betamethasone administration in the intrauterine growth-restricted ovine fetus, American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology [P], vol 201, issue 6, Mosby, Inc., USA, pp. 613.e1-613.e8.

Kroushev, A., Beaves, M., Jenkins, V., Wallace, E.M., 2009, Participant evaluation of the RANZCOG Fetal Surveillance Education Program, Australian & New Zealand Journal Of Obstetrics & G..., vol 49, issue 3, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 268-273.

Robertson, M.C., Murila, F., Tong, S., Baker, L.S., Yu, V.Y.H., Wallace, E.M., 2009, Predicting perinatal outcome through changes in umbilical artery Doppler studies after antenatal corticosteroids in the growth-restricted fetus, Obstetrics and Gynecology [P], vol 113, issue 3, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, USA, pp. 636-640.

Zoanetti, N., Griffin, P., Beaves, M., Wallace, E.M., 2009, Rasch scaling procedures for informing development of a valid Fetal Surveillance Education Program multiple-choice assessment, BMC Medical Education [P], vol 9, issue 20, BioMed Central Ltd, UK, pp. 1-15.

Nagle, C., Hodges, R., Wolfe, R.S.J., Wallace, E.M., 2009, Reporting Down syndrome screening results: Women's understanding of risk, Prenatal Diagnosis [P], vol 29, issue 3, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, West Sussex, UK, pp. 234-239.

Chen, M.Y., Fairley, C.K., De Guingand, D., Hocking, J., Tabrizi, S.N., Wallace, E.M., Grover, S., Gurrin, L., Carter, R., Pirotta, M., Garland, S.M., 2009, Screening pregnant women for chlamydia: What are the predictors of infection?, Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol 85, BMJ Group, UK, pp. 31-35.

Papakonstantinou, T., Harris, S.J., Fredericks, D.P., Harrison, C.A., Wallace, E.M., Hearn, M.T.W., 2009, Synthesis, purification and bioactivity of recombinant human activin A expressed in the yeast pichia pastoris, Protein Expression and Purification, vol 64, Elsevier, Netherlands, pp. 131-138.

Miller, S.L., Loose, J.M., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., 2009, The effects of sildenafil citrate (Viagra) on uterine blood flow and well being in the intrauterine growth-restricted fetus, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol 200, issue 1, Mosby, Inc., USA, pp. 102.e1-102.e7.

Tierney, K., Delpachitra, P., Grossmann, M., Onwude, J., Sikaris, K., Wallace, E.M., Hamilton, E.J., Tong, S., 2009, Thyroid function and autoantibody status among women who spontaneously deliver under 35 weeks of gestation, Clinical Endocrinology [P], vol 71, issue 6, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, UK, pp. 892-895.

Swanson, A.E., Lau, K.K.P., Kornman, T., Wallace, E.M., Polyakov, A., 2008, Primary psoas muscle abscess in pregnancy, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 48, issue 6, Royal Australian & New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists, East Melbourne, Vic, pp. 607-609.

Beaves, M., Jenkins, V., Wallace, E.M., 2007, A survey of intrapartum fetal surveillance education practices in Victorian public hospitals, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 47, issue 2, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Australia, pp. 95-100.

Tong, S., Rombauts, L., Onwude, J., Marjono, A.B., Wallace, E.M., 2007, Highly specific and sensitive rise in days 14-17 pro-alphaC inhibin with clinical pregnancy after frozen embryo transfer with ovulatory cycles, Human Reproduction, vol 22, issue 8, Oxford Univ Press, UK, pp. 2249-2253.

Paiva, P., Salamonsen, L.A., Manuelpillai, U.C., Walker, C., Tapia, A., Wallace, E.M., Dimitriadis, E., 2007, Interleukin-11 promotes migration, but not proliferation, of human trophoblast cells, implying a role in placentation, Endocrinology, vol 148, issue 11, The Endocrine Society, USA, pp. 5566-5572.

Mandang, S., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., 2007, Oxidative stress increases placental and endothelial cell activin A secretion, Journal of Endocrinology, vol 192, issue 3, Society for Endocrinology, UK, pp. 485-493.

Polyakov, A., Cohen, S., Baum, M., Trickey, D., Jolley, D.J., Wallace, E.M., 2007, Patterns of antenatal corticosteroid prescribing 1998-2004, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 47, issue 1, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 42-45.

Wang, Y., Tasevski, V., Wallace, E.M., Gallery, E.D., Morris, J.M., 2007, Reduced maternal serum concentrations of angiopoietin-2 in the first trimester precede intrauterine growth restriction associated with placental insufficiency, BJOG-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 114, issue 11, Blackwell Publishing, UK, pp. 1427-1430.

Ilancheran, S., Michalska, A.E., Peh, G.S.L., Wallace, E.M., Pera, M.F., Manuelpillai, U.C., 2007, Stem Cells Derived from Human Fetal Membranes Display Multilineage Differentiation Potential, Biology of Reproduction, vol 77, issue 3, Society for the Study of Reproduction, USA, pp. 577-588.

Miller, S.L., Chai, M., Loose, J.M., Castillo-Melendez, M., Walker, D.W., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., 2007, The effects of maternal betamethasone administration on the intrauterine growth-restricted fetus, Endocrinology, vol 148, issue 3, The Endocrine Society, Chevy Chase USA, pp. 1288-1295.

Jones, R.L., Findlay, J.K., Farnworth, P.G., Robertson, D., Wallace, E.M., Salamonsen, L.A., 2006, Activin A and Inhibin a differentially regulate human uterine matrix metalloproteinases: potential interactions during decidualization and trophoblast invasion, Endocrinology, vol 147, issue 2, The Endocrine Society, Chevy Chase MD USA, pp. 724-732.

Tong, S., Wallace, E.M., Rombauts, L., 2006, Association between low day 16 hCG and miscarriage after proven cardiac activity, Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol 107, issue 2, Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia USA, pp. 300-304.

Supramaniam, V.G., Jenkin, G., Loose, J.M., Wallace, E.M., Miller, S.L., 2006, Chronic fetal hypoxia increases activin A concentrations in the late-pregnant sheep, BJOG-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 113, issue 1, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 102-109.

McIlwaine, K., Kneebone, K.M., Barkehall-Thomas, A., Wallace, E.M., 2006, Compliance with a risk factor-based intrapartum prophylaxis program for neonatal group B streptococcal disease, Australia and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 46, issue 3, Blackwell Publishing Asia, Australia, pp. 199-201.

Nie, G., Hale, K., Li, Y., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Salamonsen, L.A., 2006, Distinct expression and localization of serine protease HtrA1 in human endometrium and first-trimester placenta, Developmental Dynamics, vol 235, issue 12, Wiley-Liss, Hoboken USA, pp. 3448-3455.

Wallace, E.M., 2006, Down syndrome screening in Australia: more luck than choice, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 46, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford UK, pp. 370-371.

Hardman, B., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Monty, J., Kramer, D.R., Kuo, Y.M., Mercer, J.F.B., Ackland, M.L., 2006, Expression, localisation and hormone regulation of the human copper transporter hCTR1 in placenta and choriocarcinoma Jeg-3 cells, Placenta, vol 27, issue 9-10, W B Saunders Co. Ltd, UK, pp. 968-977.

Barkehall-Thomas, A., Tong, S., Baker, L.S., Edwards, A.G., Wallace, E.M., 2006, Maternal serum activin A and the prediction of intrauterine growth restriction, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 46, issue 2, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 97-101.

Nie, G., Li, Y., Hale, K., Okada, H., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Salamonsen, L.A., 2006, Serine peptidase HTRA3 is closely associated with human placental development and is elevated in pregnancy serum, Biology of Reproduction, vol 74, issue 2, The Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc., Madison USA, pp. 366-374.

Teoh, M., Meagher, S., Choong, S., Shekleton, P.A., Wallace, E.M., 2006, The effect of image size on screen-positive rates for nuchal translucency screening, BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 113, issue 4, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford UK, pp. 479-481.

Manuelpillai, U.C., Ligam, P., Smythe, G., Wallace, E.M., Hirst, J.J., Walker, D.W., 2005, Identification of kynurenine pathway enzyme mRNAs and metabolites in human placenta: up-regulation by inflammatory stimuli and with clinical infection, American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, vol 192, issue 1, Mosby, Inc., USA, pp. 280-288.

Hamrosi, M.A., Wallace, E.M., Riley, M.D., 2005, Iodine status in pregnant women living in Melbourne differs by ethnic group, Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol 14, issue 1, HEC Press, Australia, pp. 27-31.

Ligam, P., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Walker, D.W., 2005, Localisation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and kynurenine hydroxylase in the human placenta and decidua: implications for role of the kynurenine pathway in pregnancy, Placenta, vol 26, issue 6, W B Saunders Co. Ltd, UK, pp. 498-504.

Hodges, R., Wallace, E.M., 2005, Testing for Down syndrome in the older woman: a risky business?, Australia and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 45, issue 6, Blackwell Publishing Asia, East Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 486-488.

Barkehall-Thomas, A., Wilson, C., Baker, L.S., Bhuinneain, M.N., Wallace, E.M., 2005, Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry for the detection of adverse obstetric outcomes in patients with elevated mid-trimester beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin, Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol 84, issue 8, Blackwell Munksgaard, Denmark, pp. 743-747.

Hardman, B., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Van de Waasenburg, S., Cater, M., Mercer, J.F.B., Ackland, M.L., 2004, Expression and localization of Menkes and Wilson copper transporting ATPases in human placenta, Placenta, vol 25, issue 6, W B Saunders Co Ltd, London England, pp. 512-517.

Tong, S., Egan, V., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Fetal activin A: associations with labour, umbilical artery pH and neonatal outcome, BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 111, issue 4, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 326-330.

Wallace, E.M., Marjono, A.B., Tyzack, K., Tong, S., 2004, First trimester levels of inhibins and activin A in normal and failing pregnancies, Clinical Endocrinology, vol 60, issue 4, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford England, pp. 484-490.

Loose, J.M., Miller, S.L., Supramaniam, V.G., Ward, J.W.A., O'Connor, A.E., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., Jenkin, G., 2004, Hypoxia induced activin secretion by the fetoplacental unit: differential responses related to gestation. IF 2.171, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 111, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford England, pp. 1346-1352.

Tong, S., Rombauts, L., Mulder, A., Marjono, A.B., Onwude, J.L., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Increased day 15-17 serum pro-inhibin levels specific to successful pregnancy, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol 89, issue 9, Endocrine Society, Chevy Chase USA, pp. 4464-4468.

Madsen, G., Zakar, T., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., Kwek, K., Yeoh, G.S.H., Smith, R.K., Mesiano, S., 2004, Intracrine control of estrogen action in human gestational tissues at parturition, Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, vol 11, issue 4, Elsevier, New York USA, pp. 213-219.

Tong, S., Marjono, A.B., Mulvey, S.F., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Low levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in asymptomatic women destined for miscarriage, Fertility and Sterility, vol 82, issue 5, Elsevier, New York USA, pp. 1468-1470.

Barkehall-Thomas, A., Woodward, L., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Maternal and neonatal outcomes in 54 triplet pregnancies managed in an Australian tertiary centre, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology [E], vol 44, Royal Australian & NZ College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, East Melbourne, Australia, pp. 222-227.

Wallace, E.M., Marjono, A.B., Brown, D.A., Crossley, J.A., Tong, S., Aitken, D., Breit, S.N., 2004, Maternal serum and amniotic fluid levels of macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 in Down syndrome and chromosomally normal pregnancies, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 24, issue 3, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester England, pp. 224-226.

Tong, S., Marjono, A.B., Brown, D.A., Mulvey, S.F., Breit, S.N., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Serum Concentrations of Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC 1) as a predictor of miscarriage, Lancet, vol 363, issue 9403, Lancet Ltd, London England, pp. 129-130.

Tong, S., Marjono, A.B., Brown, D.A., Mulvey, S.F., Breit, S.N., Manuelpillai, U.C., Wallace, E.M., 2004, Serum concentrations of macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC 1) as a predictor of miscarriage, The Lancet, vol 363, issue 9403, Lancet Ltd, London England, pp. 129-130.

Supramaniam, V.G., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., O'Connor, A.E., de Kretser, D.M., Miller, S.L., 2004, The effect of graded hypoxia on activin A, PGE2 and cortisol levels in the late pregnant sheep, Reproduction Fertility and Development:15, 625 - 632, vol 16, CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Vic Australia, pp. 625-632.

Barkehall-Thomas, A., Thompson, M.J., Baker, L.S., Edwards, A., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Betamethasone associated changes in umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms in multiple pregnancies with umbilical artery absent end diastolic flow, ANZJOG, vol 43, issue 5, Blackwell Publishing, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 360-363.

Edwards, A., Baker, L.S., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Changes in umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms following maternal administration of betamethasone, Placenta, vol 24, issue 1, Elsevier Science Ltd, London UK, pp. 12-16.

Mulvey, S.F., Zachariah, R., McIlwaine, K., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Do women prefer to have screening tests for Down syndrome that have the lowest screen-positive rate or the highest detection rate?, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 23, issue 10, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester UK, pp. 828-832.

Tyzack, K., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Down syndrome screening: What do health professionals know?, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 43, issue 3, Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Carlton Vic Australia, pp. 217-221.

Manuelpillai, U.C., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Thirunavukarasu, P.P., Dole, A., Waldron, K., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Effect of hypoxia on placental activin A, inhibin A and follistatin synthesis, Placenta, vol 24, issue 1, Elsevier Science Ltd, London UK, pp. 77-83.

Dimitriadis, E., Robb, L., Liu, Y., Enders, A.C., Martin, H., Stoikos, C., Wallace, E.M., Salamonsen, L.A., 2003, IL-11 and IL-11 Ra immunolocalisation at primate implantation sites supports a role for IL-11 in placentation and fetal development., Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, vol 1, issue 34, Biomed Central Ltd, London UK, pp. 34-44.

Manuelpillai, U.C., Nicholls, T.A., Wallace, E.M., Phillips, D.J., Guillemin, G., Walker, D.W., 2003, Increased mRNA expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes in human placentae exposed to bacterial endotoxin, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 527, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, USA, pp. 85-89.

Marjono, A.B., Brown, D.A., Horton, K.E., Wallace, E.M., Breit, S.N., Manuelpillai, U.C., 2003, Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in gestational tissues and maternal serum in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy, Placenta, vol 24, issue 1, WB Saunders Co Ltd, Elsevier Science Ltd, London UK, pp. 100-106.

Wallace, E.M., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Edwards, A., Baker, L., Jenkin, G., 2003, Maternal serum activin A levels are increased in association with intrauterine fetal growth restriction., British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 110, issue 3, Blackwell Publishing, UK, pp. 306-310.

Wallace, E.M., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Edwards, A., Baker, L.S., Jenkin, G., 2003, Maternal serum activin A levels in association with intrauterine fetal growth restriction, BJOG - an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 110, issue 3, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 306-310.

Thirunavukarasu, P.P., Robertson, D., Dole, A., Waldron, K., Dawson, G., Wallace, E.M., 2003, Placental, maternal serum and amniotic fluid molecular weight forms of inhibin A and pro-alphaC, Placenta, vol 24, issue 4, WB Saunders Co Ltd, Elsevier Science Ltd, London UK, pp. 370-377.

Edwards, A., Mulvey, S.F., Wallace, E.M., 2003, The effect of image size on nuchal translucency measurement, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 23, issue 4, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Sussex UK, pp. 284-286.

Edwards, A., Baker, L.S., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Changes in fetoplacental vessel flow velocity waveforms following maternal administration of betamethasone, Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 20, issue 3, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, pp. 240-244.

Tong, S., Egan, V., Griffin, J., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Cord blood sampling at delivery: do we need to always collect from both vessels?, BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 109, issue 10, Elsevier Science, UK, pp. 1175-1177.

Santoso, D., Rogers, P., Wallace, E.M., Manuelpillai, U.C., Walker, D.W., Bekti Subakir, S., 2002, Localization of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and 4-Hydroxynonenal in Normal and Pre-eclamptic Placentae, Placenta, vol 23, issue 5, WB Saunders, Elsevier Science Ltd, London UK, pp. 373-379.

Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Tong, S., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Maternal and Foetal Activin A Levels: Associations with Normal and Abnormal Labour, Placenta, vol 23, issue 7, WB Saunders Co Ltd, London UK, pp. 570-574.

Thirunavukarasu, P.P., Lambert-Messerlian, G., Robertson, D.M., Dawson, G., Canick, J., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Molecular weight forms of inhibin A, inhibin B and pro-C in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and placental extracts of normal and Down syndrome pregnancies, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 22, issue 12, Wiley Europe Ltd, Bognor Regis UK, pp. 1086-1092.

Mulvey, S.F., Baker, L.S., Edwards, A.G., Oldham, J., Shekleton, P.A., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Optimising the timing for nuchal translucency measurement, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 22, issue 9, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, Chichester UK, pp. 775-777.

Clifton, V.L., Wallace, E.M., Smith, R., 2002, Short-Term Effects of Glucocorticoids in the Human Fetal-Placental Circulation in Vitro, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 87, issue 6, The Endocrine Society, USA, pp. 2838-2842.

Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Manuelpillai, U.C., Waldron, K., Dole, A., Wallace, E.M., 2002, The Distribution of Activin and Activin Receptors in Gestational Tissues Across Human Pregnancy and During Labour, Placenta, vol 23, issue 4, WB Saunders Co Ltd, London UK, pp. 294-302.

Mulvey, S.F., Pham, T., Tyzack, K., Wallace, E.M., 2002, Women's preferences for reporting of Down syndrome screening results, Australia and New Zealand Journal Obstetric Gynaecology, vol 42, issue 5, Royal Australian College of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 504-507.

Burrows, R.F., Gan, E.T., Gallus, A.S., Wallace, E.M., Burrows, E.A., 2001, A randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial of low molecular weight heparin as prophylaxis in preventing venous thrombolic events after caesarean section: a pilot study, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 108, issue 8, Elsevier Science BV, London UK, pp. 835-839.

Manuelpillai, U.C., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Dole, A., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Activin A and activin receptors in gestational tissue from preeclamptic preganacies, Journal of Endocrinology, vol 171, issue 1, Society for Endocrinology, Stookebristol UK, pp. 57-64.

Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Manuelpillai, U.C., Gargett, C., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Activin bA-subunit and activin receptors in human myometrium at term and during labour, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 108, issue 8, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 869-874.

Thirunavukarasu, P.P., Stephenson, T., Forray, J., Stanton, P.G., Groome, N.P., Wallace, E.M., Robertson, D.M., 2001, Changes in molecular weight forms of inhibin A and Pro-aC in maternal serum during human pregnancy, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol 86, issue 12, Endocrine Society, Bethesda USA, pp. 5794-5804.

Jenkin, G., Ward, J.N.A., Hooper, S.B., O'Connor, A., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Feto-placental hypoxemia regulates the release of fetal activin A and prostaglandin E2, Endocrinology, vol 142, issue 2, Endocrine Society, Bethesda USA, pp. 963-966.

Wallace, E.M., D'Antona, D., Veveris-Lowe, T., Crossley, J.A., Barnard, R., 2001, Growth hormone binding protein in normal and aneuploid pregnancy: a paradoxical decrease in trisomy 18, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 108, issue 7, Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam Netherlands, pp. 701-703.

Mulvey, S.F., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Levels of knowledge of Down syndrome and Down syndrome testing in Australian women, Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 41, issue 2, RANZCOG, East Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 167-169.

Thirunavukarasu, P.P., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Measurement of inhibin A: a modification to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 21, issue 8, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester Sussex UK, pp. 638-641.

Jenkin, G., Ward, J.W.A., Loose, J.M., Schneider-Kolsky, M.E., Young, I., Canny, B., O'Connor, A., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., 2001, Physiological and regulatory roles of activin A in late pregnancy, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, vol 180, Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd, Ireland, pp. 131-138.

Mulvey, S.F., Yu, V.Y.H., Partridge, J., Martinez, A.M., Wallace, E.M., 2001, The management of extremely premature infants and the perceptions of viability and parental counselling practices of Australian obstetricians, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 41, issue 3, RANZCOG, East Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 269-274.

D'Antona, D., Reis, F.M., Benedetto, C., Evans, L.W., Groome, N.P., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., Petraglia, F., 2000, Increased maternal serum activin A but not follistatin levels in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders, Journal of Endocrinology, vol 165 issue 1, Society for Endocrinology, Bristol UK, pp. 157-162.

Savoia, H.F., Brennecke, S.P., Burrows, R.F., Hart, C.F., Holdsworth, R., Metz, J., Permezel, M., Tippett, C., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Investigation and management of fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 40 issue 2, The Royal Austn & NZ College of Obstet & Gynae, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 176-179.

Schneider-Kolsky, M., D'Antona, D., Evans, L.W., Taylor, N., O'Connor, A.E., Groome, N.P., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Maternal serum total activin A and follistatin in pregnancy and parturition, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 107, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford UK, pp. 995-1000.

Connellan, M., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: screening practice in public hospitals in Victoria, The Medical Journal of Australia, vol 172, Australian Medical Association, www.mja.com.au, pp. 317-320.

Sebire, N.J., Roberts, L., Noble, P., Wallace, E.M., Nicolaides, K.H., 2000, Raised maternal serum inhibin A concentration at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation is associated with pre-eclampsia, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 107 issue 6, Blackwell Science, www.blackwell-science.com.bjo, pp. 795-797.

Edwards, A.G., Megens, A., Peek, M., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Sexual origins of placental dysfunction, The Lancet, vol 355 issue 9199, The Lancet Publishing Group, www.thelancet.com, pp. 203-204.

Moore, A.G., Brown, D.A., Fairlie, W.D., Bauskin, A.R., Brown, P.K., Munier, M.L., Russell, P.K., Salamonsen, L.A., Wallace, E.M., Breit, S.N., 2000, The Transforming Growth Factor-beta Superfamily Cytokine Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 is present in High Concentrations in the Serum of Pregnant Women, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol 85, issue 12, The Endocrine Society, Chevy Chase MD USA, pp. 4781-4788.

Mulvey, S.F., Atchison, W.G., Grimwade, J.C., Renou, P.M., Shekleton, P.A., Wallace, E.M., 2000, The utilisation of nuchal translucency as a prenatal marker of Down Syndrome, 1993-1999, The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 40 issue 4, The Royal Austn & NZ Jnl of Obstetrics & Gynaecol, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 423-426.

Nagle, C., McCarthy, P., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Uptake of Down syndrome screening in an Australian Vietnamese population, Aust NZ Journal Obstet Gynaecol, vol 40 issue 2, Royal Austn & NZ College of Obstetricians & Gynaec, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 157-159.

Mulvey, S., Wallace, E.M., 2000, Women's knowledge of and attitudes to first and second trimester screening for Down's syndrome, British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol 107, Blackwell Science, www.blackwell-science.com/bjo, pp. 1302-1305.

Wallace, E.M., D'Antona, D., Shearing, C.H., Evans, L.W., Thirunavukarasu, P., Ashby, P.J., Shade, M., Groome, N.P., 1999, Amniotic fluid levels of dimeric inhigins, pro-ac inhibin, activin A and follistatin in Down's syndrome, Clinical Endocrinology, vol 50, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford UK, pp. 669-673.

Wallace, E.M., Baker, L.S., 1999, Effect of antenatal betamethasone administration on placental vascular resistance, The Lancet, vol 353, Lancet Ltd, London UK, pp. 1404-1407.

Kothari, A., Bethune, M., Manwaring, J., Astley, N., Wallace, E.M., 1999, Massive bilateral phaeochromocytomas in association with Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome in pregnancy, Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol, vol 39;3, Australian NA J Obstet Gynaec, East Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 381-384.

Wallace, E.M., 1998, Conceiving is not enough! Polycystic ovarian syndrome: associated risks in pregnancy, ENSA Nursing in Endocrinology, vol 1 no 1, Endocrine Nurses Society of Australia, Australia, pp. 1-5.

D'Antona, D., Mamers, P., Lowe, P.J., Balazs, N., Groome, N.P., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Evaluation of serum inhibin A as a surveillance marker after conservative management of tubal pregnancy, Human Reproduction, vol 13 no 8, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 2305-2307.

Wallace, E.M., Crossley, J.A., Ritoe, S.C., Aitken, D.A., Spencer, K., Groome, N.P., 1998, Evolution of an inhibin A ELISA method: implications for Down's syndrome screening, Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, vol 35, Royal Society of Medicine Press, UK, pp. 656-664.

Riley, S.C., Balfour, C., Wathen, N.C., Chard, T., Evans, L.W., Groome, N.P., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Follistatin and activin A in extra-embryonic coelomic and amniotic fluids and maternal serum in early pregnancy, Human Reproduction, vol 13 no 9, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 2624-2628.

Wallace, E.M., Ekkel, K., Cotter, T., Tippett, C., Catalano, J.V., 1998, Haematological effects of betamethasone treatment in late pregnancy, Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol, vol 38 no 3, The Royal Aust College of Obs & Gyn, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 396-398.

D'Antona, D., Wallace, E.M., Shearing, C.H., Ashby, P., Groome, N.P., 1998, Inhibin A and Pro-alpha C inhibin in down syndrome and normal pregnancies, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 18, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, pp. 1122-1126.

Wallace, E.M., Crossley, J.A., Riley, S.C., Balfour, C., Groome, N.P., Aitken, D.A., 1998, Inhibin-B and Proalpha C containing inhibins in amniotic fluid from chromosomally normal and down syndrome pregnancies, Prenatal Diagnosis, vol 18, John Wiley & Sons, UK, pp. 213-217.

Wallace, E.M., 1998, Prenatal screening strategies for down syndrome: Many options but few answers, Australian Journal of Primary Health Interchange, vol 4 no 3, The Australian Journal of Primary Health Intercha, Vic Australia, pp. 229-234.

Wallace, E.M., 1998, Screening for down syndrome - slow down, we're going too fast, Australasian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine bulletin, vol 1 no 2, Australasian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 14-17.

Thirunavukarasu, P., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Screening for down syndrome: what is the best approach?, Journal of Perinatology and Neonatal Care, vol 1 no 2, Prism Books Pvt Ltd, India, pp. 79-84.

Wark, H., Wallace, E.M., Wigg, S., Tippett, C., 1998, Thyroxine abuse: An unusual case of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy, Aust NZ J Obstet & Gynaecol, vol 38 no 2, The Royal Aust College of Obs & Gyn, Melbourne Vic Australia, pp. 221-223.

Wallace, E.M., Groome, N.P., Riley, S.C., Parker, A.C., Wu, F.C.W., 1997, Effects of chemotherapy-induced testicular damage on inhibin, gonadotropin, and testosterone secretion: A prospective longitudinal study, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 82, The Endocrine Society, USA, pp. 3111-3115.

Wallace, E.M., Groome, N.P., Riley, S.C., Turnbull, L., Parker, A.C., Wu, F.C.W., 1997, Effects of chemotherapy-induced testicular damage on inhibin-B, pro-alpha C inhibins, gonadotrophin and testosterone secretion: A prospective longitudinal study, Journal of Endocrinology, vol 152, Society for Endocrinology, UK, p. 29.

Anderson, R.A., Wallace, E.M., Bellis, A.J., Groome, N.P., Wu, F.C.W., 1997, Inhibin B in men: Inverse relationship with FSH, and parallel changes with spermatogenesis during and after gonadotrophin suppression in normal men, Journal of Endocrinology, vol 152, Society for Endocrinology, UK, p. 235.

Wallace, E.M., 1997, Letter to Editor re: First trimester aneuploidy screening using nuchal tranlucency, free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin and maternal age, The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Aust College of Obs & Gyn, Vic Australia, pp. 368-370.

Conference Proceedings

Manuelpillai, U.C., Ligam, P., Walker, D.W., Wallace, E.M., 2006, Effects of betamethasone and sulfasalazine on placental production of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid, Journal of The Society for Gynecologic Investigation, 22-25 March, Elsevier Science Inc, New York NY USA, p. 182A.

Jenkin, G., Loose, J.M., Wallace, E.M., 2006, The effects of betamethasone on growth restricted ovine fetuses, Journal of The Society for Gynecologic Investigation, 22-25 March, Elsevier Science Inc, New York NY USA, p. 75A.

Ward, J., Wallace, E.M., Hooper, S.B., Jenkin, G., 1999, Activin A: a novel marker of fetal wellbeing?, Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Congress of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand, Melbourne, Victoria, 21-24 March 1999, The Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand, Parramatta NSW, p. 278.

Jenkin, G., Young, I.R., Wallace, E.M., de Kretser, D.M., Coghill, I.C., Canny, B., 1999, Hypoxia is a specific stimulus to fetal activin A and follistatin release in late gestation, The Endocrine Society of Australia Proceedings, Melbourne VIC 26-29 September 1999, Endocrine Society of Australia, Adelaide SA Australia, p. 134.

Schneider-Kolsky, M., Jenkin, G., Wallace, E.M., 1999, Maternal serum activin A, follistatin and prostaglandin during spontaneous human labour, Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand 3rd Annual Congress, Melbourne VIC 21-24 March 1999, The Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand, Parramatta NSW, p. 47.

D'Antona, D., O'Connor, A., Taylor, N., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Activin A levels in late pregnancy and labour, Society for Gynecologic Investigation 45th Annual Meeting, Atlanta, 11-14 March 1998, Elsevier, USA, p. 194.

Baker, L.H., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Altered umbilical blood flow after treatment with betamethasone in compromised preterm pregnancies, Society for Gynecologic Investigation 45th Annual Meeting, Atlanta, 11-14 March, Elsevier, USA, p. 123.

Riley, S.C., Balfour, C., Wathen, N.C., Chard, T., Groome, N.P., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Follistatin and activin-A in extra-embryonic coelomic and amniotic fluids and maternal serum in early pregnancy, British Endocrine Societies 17th Joint Meeting, Edinburgh, 23-25 March 1998, Journal of Endocrinology, UK, p. 265.

Mamers, P., D'Antona, D., Wallace, E.M., 1998, Hormone tracking with inhibin-A compared to HCG after tubal preservation procedures for women with ectopic pregnancies, The Endocrine Society 80th Annual Meeting, Louisiana, 24-27 June 1998, The Endocrine Society Press, USA, p. 20.

Wallace, E.M., 1998, Markers of feto-maternal wellbeing, Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research 6th Annual Symposium, Melbourne 14-16 October 1998, Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne Vic Australia, p. 33.

Mamers, P., D'Antona, D., Lowe, P.J., Balazs, N.D., Miach, P., Wallace, E.M., 1997, A survey to evaluate patient satisfaction after hormone tracking with inhibin-A compared to HCG after tubal preservation procedures for women with ectopi pregnancies, Endocrine Nurses Society of Australia Inc, ACT, 29 September 1997, Endocrine Nurses Society of Australia, ACT Australia, p. 14.

Wallace, E.M., Crossley, J.A., Riley, S.C., Balfour, C., Groome, N.P., Aitken, D.A., 1997, Inhibin A, inhibin B and pro-alphaC inhibins in amniotic fluid from normaland trisomy 21 pregnancies, The Endocrine Society 79th Annual Meeting, Minnesota, June 11-14, 1997, The Endocrine Society, USA.

Taylor, N., D'Antona, D., O'Connor, A.E., de Kretser, D.M., Wallace, E.M., 1997, Maternal serum activin A during late pregnancy and at the onset of labour, Endocrine Nurses Society of Australia Inc, ACT, 29 September 1997, Endocrine Nurses Society of Australia, ACT Australia, p. 24.

Wallace, E.M., Groome, N.P., Riley, S.C., Russell, L., Parker, A.C., Wu, F.C., 1997, Secretion of inhibin-B, pro-alphaC inhibins, IR-inhibin, gonadotrophins and testosterone during progressive testicular damage, The Endocrine Society 79th Annual Meeting, Minnesota, June 11-14, 1997, The Endocrine Society, USA.

Other

Wallace, E.M., 1997, Prenatal screening for Down Syndrome, Royal Australian College of Gynaecologists, Melbourne Vic Australia.

Postgraduate Research Supervisions

Current Supervision

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: A Double-Blind, Randomised PlaceboControlled Trial of Pravastatin to Ameliorate Preeclampsia (PAP).
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Lim, R (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Combination gefitinib and methotrexate for the treatment of disorders of trophoblastic tissue: early phase human clinical trials.
Supervisors:: Tong, S (Main), Wallace, E (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Determining dose effects of hAECs in the experimental treatment of BPD.
Supervisors:: Lim, R (Main), Wallace, E (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Evaluation of maternity services at Casey Hospital - Casey Maternity Services ("Cas-Mat").
Supervisors:: Cross, W (Joint), Wallace, E (Joint-co).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: For the prevention of primary post partum haemorrhage, an examination of the use of supplementary oxytocin infusion at elective caesarean section and an investigation of the optimal uterotonic at vaginal birth following the intrapartum use of an oxytocin infusion.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), East, C (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Identifying potential therapeutics for pre-eclapsia.
Supervisors:: Lim, R (Main), Armitage, J (Associate), Wallace, E (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Identifying the role of macrophages in human amnion epithelial cell mediated lung repair.
Supervisors:: Lim, R (Main), Wallace, E (Associate).

Program of Study:: (DOCTORATE BY RESEARCH).
Thesis Title:: Neonatal neurodevelopment after antioxidant with melatonin during late-pregnancy in an ovine model of intrauterine growth restriction.
Supervisors:: Jenkin, G (Main), Miller, S (Associate), Wallace, E (Associate).

Completed Supervision

Student:: Hodges, R.
Program of Study:: Novel fetal therapy. (PHD) 2011.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main).
Student:: Ilancheran, S.
Program of Study:: Stem cell properties of human amniotic epithelial cells. (PHD) 2007.
Supervisors:: Manuelpillai, U (Main), Wallace, E (Associate).
Student:: Ligam, P.
Program of Study:: The role of the Kynurenine Pathway in human placenta-implications in pregnancy. (PHD) 2006.
Supervisors:: Walker, D (Main), Wallace, E (Joint).
Student:: Mandang, S.
Program of Study:: . 2004.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main).
Student:: Mandang, S.
Program of Study:: The Role of Activin A in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. (Masters) 2007.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main).
Student:: Marjono, A.
Program of Study:: Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 at the maternal-placental interface of early human pregnancy. (PHD) 2005.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Manuelpillai, U (Associate).
Student:: Mulvey, S.
Program of Study:: PRENATAL SCREENING FOR DOWN SYNDROME. (PHD) 2003.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main).
Student:: Murphy, S.
Program of Study:: Placental stem cells as a treatment for lung disease. (PHD) 2011.
Supervisors:: Jenkin, G (Main), Lim, R (Associate), Wallace, E (Associate).
Student:: Pilapil, M.
Program of Study:: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. 2011.
Supervisors:: Lim, R (Joint), Wallace, E (Joint-Co).
Student:: Saglam, B.
Program of Study:: Antenatal brain injury and prospects for neuroprotection. (PHD) 2009.
Supervisors:: Miller, S (Joint), Wallace, E (Joint-Co).
Student:: Schneider-Kolsky, M.
Program of Study:: ACTIVIN A IN LATE PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION. (PHD) 2001.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Jenkin, G (Joint).
Student:: Tan, J.
Program of Study:: TBD. 2011.
Supervisors:: Lim, R (Joint), Wallace, E (Joint-Co).
Student:: Thirunavukarasu, P.
Program of Study:: STUDIES ON INHIBIN FORMS IN NORMAL AND ABNORMAL HUMAN PREGNANCY. (PHD) 2001.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Rogers, P (Associate).
Student:: Tong, S.
Program of Study:: INVESTIGATION OF NOVEL ENDOCRINE MARKERS OF EARLY PREGNANCY AND LATER PREGNANCY HEALTH. (PHD) 2004.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Jenkin, G (Associate).
Student:: Vosdoganes, P.
Program of Study:: Human amnion epithelial cells in the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. (PHD) 2011.
Supervisors:: Wallace, E (Main), Moss, T (Associate).
Student:: Walker, C.
Program of Study:: Endogenous opioids at the maternal-placental interface during early pregnancy. (Masters) 2007.
Supervisors:: Manuelpillai, U (Main), Wallace, E (Associate).